[governance] NN Workshop Thread

Adam Peake ajp at glocom.ac.jp
Wed Apr 8 10:02:10 EDT 2009 

Perhaps relevant. Japan introduced a set of 3 
network neutrality principles in November 2007, 
they were introduced as an amendment to the "New 
Competition Policy Program 2010" and are official 
policy:

*IP networks should be accessible to users and 
easy to use, allowing ready access to content and 
application layers

* IP based networks should be accessible and 
available to any terminal that meets relevant 
technical standards and should support 
terminal-to-terminal (or "end-to-end") 
communication

*Users should be provided with equality of access 
to telecommunications and platform layers at a 
reasonable price

("users" refers to end users and content 
providers and other companies conducting business 
using IP networks)

Network neutrality also includes the concept of 
utilizing IP networks with the proper allocation 
of costs, and without discrimination.

There's a report of a ministry working group on 
network neutrality online 
<http://www.soumu.go.jp/joho_tsusin/eng/pdf/070900_1.pdf> 
(translated by Izumi's organization.)


The study group that developed the network 
neutrality principles also recommended a working 
group should look packet shaping. May 2008 a 
group of telecom business associations (ministry 
as an observer) came up with a set of guidelines 
which basically say:

Based on the underlying principle that ISPs 
should increase network capacity in line with 
increases in network traffic, i.e. packet shaping 
should only be allowed in exceptional situations.

When implemented, packet shaping should be 
justified by objective criteria such as QoS of 
general users being degraded by traffic from 
other applications, e.g. P2P.

Secrecy of communications should be maintained in 
accordance with the Telecom business law (i.e. 
deep packet inspection is unlikely).

Users should be informed about their ISP's packet 
shaping policy in their contract terms and 
conditions.

ISPs will also required to provide relevant 
information to content providers and other ISPs 
about any shaping.

Arbitrary use of packet shaping must be avoided.

<http://www.jaipa.or.jp/other/bandwidth/guidelines_e.pdf>


Adam





>There has been an interesting development in the 
>Network Neutrality (NN) arena in Norway which is 
>perhaps important to discuss here, and is 
>certainly important in terms of  the proposed 
>workshop by IGC on NN.
>
>As pointed out in the IGP's posting here, a wide 
>range of stakeholders in Norway have agreed to a 
>set of principles of Network Neutrality. A very 
>good example that , unlike what many opined on 
>this list, it is possible to agree  to  a 
>workable  set of NN principles. See 
>http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/02/norway-gets-voluntary-net-neutrality.ars  
><cid:part1.02010000.00090007 at itforchange.net>. 
>Also  see the  actual  set of NN principles,  a 
>link to which is given  in this news item.
>
>Since Internet is principally a global network, 
>it should be obvious that we should also explore 
>the possibility of a global consensus on NN 
>principles.... It certainly looks possible if 
>private sector, civil society  and public sector 
>actors can agree to one set in Norway.
>
>Accordingly, it will be better if we call our 
>proposed workshop a bit more positively as 
>'Network Neutrality - Exploring a global 
>consensus'. Who knows this issue could mature to 
>become the subject of a round table in IGF-5, 
>something which we should aim at.
>
>Parminder
>
>
>Milton L Mueller wrote:
>>Yes, yes, yes. I like that formulation. Would 
>>love to be on such a panel. This must be "agree 
>>with Parminder Day."
>>
>>Milton Mueller
>>Professor, Syracuse University School of Information Studies
>>XS4All Professor, Delft University of Technology
>>------------------------------
>>Internet Governance Project:
>>http://internetgovernance.org <http://internetgovernance.org/>
>>
>>
>>     In fact so interesting, that I think we should have a workshop on
>>     this issue alone. 'NN - What is the GLOBAL angle on it'. In any
>>     case it is always better to have more focussed issues for workshops.
>>
>>     I do often wonder that if US, or US plus EU, decide that
>>     such-and-such NN regulation is necessary to be observed by the
>>     concerned actors, would that not set the default global regime for
>>     NN. Do developing countries - even a relatively larger and more
>>     powerful one  like India - have any serious options but to accept
>>     the default regime.
>>
>>     What NN issues extend across the global Internet, or are likely to
>>     so extend? What accordingly are NN issues that are best dealt by a
>>     globally democratic system - and if there isnt one at present, the
>>     problems that such a situation presents.
>>
>>     Discussing NN in terms of global Internet policy will be in
>>     accordance of the central mandate of the IGF as a policy dialogue
>>     forum for global Internet policy issues. parminder
>>
>
>
>
>
>There has been an interesting development in the 
>Network Neutrality (NN) arena in Norway which is 
>perhaps important to discuss here, and is 
>certainly important in terms of  the proposed 
>workshop by IGC on NN.
>
>As pointed out in the IGP's posting here, a wide 
>range of stakeholders in Norway have agreed to a 
>set of principles of Network Neutrality. A very 
>good example that , unlike what many opined on 
>this list, it is possible to agree  to  a 
>workable  set of NN principles. See  
><cid:part1.02010000.00090007 at itforchange.net>http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/02/norway-gets-voluntary-net-neutrality.ars   
>. Also  see the  actual  set of NN principles, 
>a link to which is given  in this news item.
>
>Since Internet is principally a global network, 
>it should be obvious that we should also explore 
>the possibility of a global consensus on NN 
>principles.... It certainly looks possible if 
>private sector, civil society  and public sector 
>actors can agree to one set in Norway.
>
>Accordingly, it will be better if we call our 
>proposed workshop a bit more positively as 
>'Network Neutrality - Exploring a global 
>consensus'. Who knows this issue could mature to 
>become the subject of a round table in IGF-5, 
>something which we should aim at.
>
>Parminder
>
>
>Milton L Mueller wrote:
>
>>Yes, yes, yes. I like that formulation. Would 
>>love to be on such a panel. This must be "agree 
>>with Parminder Day."
>>
>>Milton Mueller
>>Professor, Syracuse University School of Information Studies
>>XS4All Professor, Delft University of Technology
>>------------------------------
>>Internet Governance Project:
>><http://internetgovernance.org/>http://internetgovernance.org
>>
>>
>>
>>In fact so interesting, that I think we should 
>>have a workshop on this issue alone. 'NN - What 
>>is the GLOBAL angle on it'. In any case it is 
>>always better to have more focussed issues for 
>>workshops.
>>
>>I do often wonder that if US, or US plus EU, 
>>decide that such-and-such NN regulation is 
>>necessary to be observed by the concerned 
>>actors, would that not set the default global 
>>regime for NN. Do developing countries - even a 
>>relatively larger and more powerful one  like 
>>India - have any serious options but to accept 
>>the default regime.
>>
>>What NN issues extend across the global 
>>Internet, or are likely to so extend? What 
>>accordingly are NN issues that are best dealt 
>>by a globally democratic system - and if there 
>>isnt one at present, the problems that such a 
>>situation presents.
>>
>>Discussing NN in terms of global Internet 
>>policy will be in accordance of the central 
>>mandate of the IGF as a policy dialogue forum 
>>for global Internet policy issues. parminder
>>
>
>
>
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>Law & Disorder : Ars covers the world of tech policy
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>Norway gets net neutrality‹voluntary, but broadly supported
>
>Norway's Post and Telecommunications Authority 
>has overseen a working group of ISPs and 
>consumer organization that has hashed out a set 
>of network neutrality principles for the 
>country. Though voluntary, they already appear 
>to command broad support.
>
>By 
><http://arstechnica.com/authors/nate-anderson/>Nate 
>Anderson | Last updated February 25, 2009 12:12 
>PM CT
>
>Text Size <http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/02/#>
>Print this article
><http://episteme.arstechnica.com/eve/forums?a=dl&f=174096756&x_id=mtid35725>Leave 
>a comment
>
>"Nettnøytralitet" is coming to Norway. Several 
>ISPs, the Norwegian Post and Telecommunications 
>Authority, the Nowegian Cable TV Association, 
>and consumer groups have all signed on today to 
>a 
><http://www.npt.no/iKnowBase/Content/109604/Guidelines%20for%20network%20neutrality.pdf>new 
>document (PDF) outlining network neutrality 
>principles. Internet users are entitled to a 
>connection with "predefined capacity and 
>quality," and they can access content without 
>discrimination based on the sending or receiving 
>address. But there are some terrific caveats.
>
>Thomas Nortvedt heads the Norwegian Consumer 
>Council. Although outright Internet 
>discrimination has been largely unknown in 
>Norway, Nortvedt says that it's important to act 
>anyway as ISPs increasingly become content 
>providers, and conflicts of interest loom.
>
>
>Thomas Nortvedt
>
>"With Internet service providers offering their 
>own content and services in competition with 
>other content providers, it is very important to 
>have a set of basic rules that ensure equal 
>access and quality of service," he said in a 
>statement supporting the new principles. "We 
>cannot risk getting into a situation where 
>Internet service providers give priority to 
>their own IP telephony or IPTV services, say, 
>making it difficult for other content providers 
>to offer an equivalent, high quality service."
>
>The new rules lay out three guidelines. First, 
>Internet users must be given complete and 
>accurate information about the service they are 
>buying, including capacity and quality. Second, 
>users are allowed to send and receive content of 
>their choice, use services and applications of 
>their choice. and connect any hardware and 
>software that doesn't harm the network. Finally, 
>the connection cannot be discriminated against 
>based on application, service, content, sender, 
>or receiver.
>
>Within those guidelines, though, ISPs still 
>retain tremendous freedom to act as they choose. 
>The second principle, for instance sounds more 
>than a bit like the FCC's current Internet 
>policy statement, and it should‹it was adapted 
>from the FCC principles. Like the FCC 
>principles, the right to freely use a connection 
>is limited to legal uses, so it does not 
>preclude ISPs from blocking access some P2P 
>file-sharing or all child pornography. In the 
>US, this has already lead ISPs to suggest that 
>even intrusive deep packet inspection of user 
>traffic would be acceptable, so long as the goal 
>was rooting out such illegal uses.
>
>Principle three prohibits traffic discrimination 
>in general, but does allow "traffic management 
>efforts on an operator¹s own network to block 
>activities that harm the network, comply with 
>orders from the authorities, ensure the quality 
>of service for specific applications that 
>require this, deal with special situations of 
>temporary network overload or prioritize traffic 
>on an individual user¹s connection according to 
>the user¹s wishes."
>
>That's a pretty tremendous list of exceptions, 
>though it comes with safeguards. While traffic 
>like VoIP and streaming video can be 
>prioritized, it does not appear that other 
>traffic such as legal P2P downloads can actively 
>be slowed (prioritizing other traffic may have 
>this effect, however). The guidelines also say 
>that when network management due to congestion 
>is necessary, it should be done without regard 
>to users of the services they are currently 
>accessing.
>
>The guiding idea here is that, as Nortvedt puts 
>it, "It must be up to individual broadband 
>customers to decide how to use their bandwidth."
>
>Willy Jensen, the Director General of the 
>Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority, 
>noted that ISPs were supportive of this basic 
>principle. "Everyone who endorses these 
>guidelines has made it clear that they support 
>an open Internet on which different providers 
>can compete freely to offer content and 
>services," he said. "Internet users need to be 
>assured that the Internet service provider they 
>have chosen will not act as a gatekeeper for 
>their Internet use."
>
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