[governance] ITU IG Resolution

Fri Dec 15 04:22:30 EST 2006

A bit of a belated response to this... I agree overall with what
Parminder says below but I would add the argument that by working
towards policy frameworks and "institutional arrangements" at the global
level one is in many cases also serving to support and reinforce civil
society initiatives at national levels in various countries where a
reference to a global standard may reinforce (or even in some cases
stimulate) parallel national initiatives (In fact I assumed that was one
of the basic assumptions underlying the various multilateral standard
setting processes--viz. the 

MG

-----Original Message-----
From: Parminder [mailto:parminder at itforchange.net] 
Sent: November 30, 2006 1:04 PM
To: governance at lists.cpsr.org; wcurrie at apc.org; 'Jeanette Hofmann'
Subject: RE: [governance] ITU IG Resolution

> will something happen in the first quarter of 2007? should the IGC
prepare

> to communicate with the incoming SG (both UN and ITU) about how this

> process of enhanced cooperation may be started and how the Geneva

> Principles on IG can be usefully applied?

I have been raising these questions in IGC (and other forums) but they
have generally received a muted response. I think the civil society
engaging with IG issues need to give up its self-doubts in frontally
facing the 'public policy' question in IG and the issue of institutional
arrangements adequate to this purpose. These issues will not go away,
everyone always knew this, and every passing day brings increasing
evidence that there are important public policy issues that are best
dealt at global levels - it often serves the public interest better if
they are addressed at global levels, rather than at national, or
bi-lateral levels (see posts on US trade deals and ccTLD dispute
resolution mechanisms). Just one company, Google, it seems takes on a
legal suit at the rate of at least one per day, and each of these is in
its ad hoc way setting public policy precedents that have implications
for all of us. 

And now since (1) the issue (public policy in IG and its global
institutional arrangements) will not go away, and (2) it has tremendous
public interest implications (which the IGC espouses), we need to
explore the reason and benefits of our not engaging with them. Is it
strategic to postpone this engagement as much as possible? Does
postponement lessens the danger of what are our principal fears from a
relatively well institutionalized IG global policy arrangement. 

I see two basic fears (1) governments - we know which ones - will
institutionalize and legitimize policies of control, hyper-security,
censorship etc through such an arrangement (2) the new arrangement will
reduce the level of influence that CS or non-governmental sectors have
on Internet polices (or effects of their absence). 

I think on both these counts situation will worsen as we delay in
institutionalizing a IG policy framework. The leverage that CS has on IG
policies has come largely from the fact that the Internet grew away from
governmental shadows and most governments did not understand Internet,
and because of it they were ready to both submit to a global framework,
and allow CS and other non-governmental sectors some influence on its
policies.  this situation we know is changing to the detriment of the
CS. Most governments today understand Internet fairly well, and further
growth of Internet is mostly taking place under their covetous eyes.
They may not really need the CS for long, neither will they need a
global framework of cooperation. As more time lapses the global IG
policies will be negotiated by individual governments form a relative
position of strength, and the outcomes will be determined by complete
realpolitik, rather than any globally accepted values, and wide
democratic participation.

I recently read this article - "Jefferson Rebuffed - The United States
and the Future of Internet Governance" - which speaks of a
'constitutional moment' missed for IG when the EU's proposal in the last
stages of WSIS for working toward an institutional arrangement was
missed. The same effort survives as the mention of a process towards
'enhanced cooperation' in the Tunis documents. I am not sure what IGC's
response to the EU proposal was, but I do not remember any enthusiasm. A
similar attitude is seen among many to the 'enhanced cooperation' part. 

It is not surprising - since the context and the space of a public
policy institutional arrangement clearly and strongly exists - that
various players - presently ITU - will try to use this lever.

I agree with willie that IGC should firm up a proactive position in this
area. An early and pro-active engagement with the 'public policy and its
institutional arrangement issues' can still serve to give a greater
handle to the civil society to promote (and safeguard) public interest.
It may be better served through a global policy framework that is
informed by globally accepted norms and values, rather than ad hoc
adjudications, or worse, executive arbitrariness. And it will be better
served if the CS takes a lead and ensures (though, probably, not
granted) a greater role in the whole process..

Parminder 

________________________________________________

Parminder Jeet Singh

IT for Change, Bangalore

Bridging Development Realities and Technological Possibilities 

Tel: (+91-80) 2665 4134, 2653 6890

Fax: (+91-80) 4146 1055

www.ITforChange.net 

> -----Original Message-----

> From: wcurrie at apc.org [mailto:wcurrie at apc.org]

> Sent: Saturday, November 25, 2006 8:16 PM

> To: governance at lists.cpsr.org; Jeanette Hofmann

> Subject: Re: [governance] ITU IG Resolution

> 

> >so the ITU is mobilising for a process of enhanced cooperation which
the

> UN SG failed to initiate in the first quarter of 2006.

> 

> how is the ITU going to get the UN SG to do this: by getting member
states

> into a process of discussion and agitation on the metter?

> 

> what do we know about the incoming UN SG's views on the ITU - is he
likely

> to allow the ITU to take a lead here?

> 

> will something happen in the first quarter of 2007? should the IGC
prepare

> to communicate with the incoming SG (both UN and ITU) about how this

> process of enhanced cooperation may be started and how the Geneva

> Principles on IG can be usefully applied?

> 

> willie

> >

> > Milton Mueller schrieb:

> >> Adam:

> >> These free trade agreements that attempt to globalize US
anti-privacy

> >> Whois policies are truly evil things, and indicate the degree to
which

> >> US of A policy is driven by intellectual property interests.

> >>

> >> But I am not sure what they have to do with the ITU, except that
the

> >> USA has been promoting WTO and trade agreements as a way of
bypassing

> >> ITU power over the international telecom sector for a decade now.

> >

> > It seems, the USG also bypasses ICANN and assumes that contracting

> > governments have full control over the management of their ccTLD.
One

> > wonders what the ccNSO is for if the US government can negotiate all

> > relevant matters in bilateral contracts, no?

> > jeanette

> >

> >>

> >>>>> ajp at glocom.ac.jp 11/24/2006 6:04 AM >>>

> >>> Hi,

> >>>

> >>> On 11/24/06 12:34 AM, "Bret Fausett" <bfausett at internet.law.pro>

> >> wrote:

> >>>>  That's an amazing resolution. My hat is off to anyone who can
write

> >> six

> >>>>  pages on the management of Internet domain names and addresses
and

> >> not

> >>>>  mention ICANN even once!

> >>> Amazing perhaps, but also entirely predictable; did anyone really

> >> believe

> >>> the spin that the Tunis Agenda constituted a unanimous

> >> intergovernmental

> >>> bear hug for ICANN?  Moreover, while the TA called for enhanced

> >> cooperation

> >>> on public policies to be started by the UN

> >> Secretary-General---involving all

> >>> relevant organizations and stakeholders---by the end of the first

> >> quarter of

> >>> 2006, it seems that not much has happened besides some sotto
vocci,

> >>> selective bilateral/small-n consultations.  Not surprising then
that

> >>> governments would want to see the agenda carried forward on a

> >> multilateral

> >>> basis in the ITU.  Of course, the "involving all stakeholders"

> >> language may

> >>> be of little practical consequence in the ITU without reforms that

> >> will not

> >>> be forthcoming in the near term.

> >>>

> >>> Some other notable bits of word-craft for deconstruction:

> >>>

> >>> "the development of Internet Protocol (IP)-based networks and the

> >> Internet,

> >>> taking into account the requirements, features and
interoperability

> >> of

> >>> next-generation networks (NGN);"

> >>>

> >>> " Member States represent the interests of the population of the

> >> country or

> >>> territory for which a ccTLD has been delegated;"

> >>

> >>

> >>

> >> This is an interesting problem.  The US (USTR) is writing clauses

> >> into bilateral free trade agreements requiring the ccTLDs of the

> >> country signing the FTA to adopt some form of dispute resolution

> >> policy. Example, words from the US/AU agreement goes on to also

> >> indicate whois "each Party shall require that the management of its

> >> country-code top-level domain (ccTLD) provide an appropriate

> >> procedure for the settlement of disputes, based on the principles

> >> established in the Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy.

> >>

> >> 2. Each Party shall require that the management of its ccTLD
provide

> >> online public access to a reliable and accurate database of contact

> >> information for domain-name registrants."

> >>

> >> Search string such as "ccTLD free trade agreement" in google finds
a

> >> bunch.

> >>

> >> I would think one way to read this is that US also thinks member

> >> states control ccTLDs and can enforce rules  on them.  Not what I

> >> thought the US position was in WSIS.  But I might be getting

> >> hot&bothered over a non-issue...

> >>

> >> Adam

> >>

> >>

> >>

> >>

> >>

> >>

> >>> " the management of Internet domain names and addresses and other

> >> Internet

> >>> resources within the mandate of ITU."  [phrase appears five times
in

> >> the

> >>> text]

> >>>

> >>> Cheers,

> >>>

> >>> Bill

> >>>

> >>>

> >>> ____________________________________________________________

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> >>>

> >>> For all list information and functions, see:

> >>>      http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance

> >>

> >> ____________________________________________________________

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> >>

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> >>

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> >

> > ____________________________________________________________

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> > To be removed from the list, send any message to:

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> >

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> >

> 

> 

> ____________________________________________________________

> You received this message as a subscriber on the list:

>      governance at lists.cpsr.org

> To be removed from the list, send any message to:

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<DIV><SPAN class=3D355193520-06122006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff
si= ze=3D2>A bit=20 of a belated response to this... I agree overall
with what Parminder says b= elow=20 but I would add the argument that by
working towards policy frameworks and= =20 "institutional arrangements"
at the global level one is in many cases also= =20 serving to support
and reinforce civil society initiatives at national leve= ls in=20
various countries where a reference to a global standard may reinforce
(or = even=20 in some cases stimulate) parallel national initiatives (In
fact I assumed t= hat=20 was one of the basic assumptions underlying the
various multilateral standa= rd=20 setting processes--viz. the
</FONT></SPAN></DIV> <DIV><SPAN class=3D355193520-06122006><FONT
face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff=20 size=3D2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D355193520-06122006><FONT face=3DArial
color=3D#0000ff=20 size=3D2>MG</FONT></SPAN></DIV> <BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr
style=3D"MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV></DIV>
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader lang=3Den-us dir=3Dltr
align=3Dleft><FO= NT=20
  face=3DTahoma size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B>
Parmind= er=20
  [mailto:parminder at itforchange.net] <BR><B>Sent:</B> November 30, 2006
1:0= 4=20
  PM<BR><B>To:</B> governance at lists.cpsr.org; wcurrie at apc.org;
'Jeanette=20
  Hofmann'<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: [governance] ITU IG=20
  Resolution<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV class=3DSection1>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> will something happen in the first
quarter=  of=20
  2007? should the IGC prepare<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> to communicate with the incoming SG
(both = UN and=20
  ITU) about how this<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> process of enhanced cooperation may be
sta= rted=20
  and how the <st1:City w:st=3D"on"><st1:place=20
  w:st=3D"on">Geneva</st1:place></st1:City><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> Principles on IG can be usefully=20
  applied?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">I have been raising these questions in IGC
(and=  other=20
  forums) but they have generally received a muted response. I think the
ci= vil=20
  society engaging with IG issues need to give up its self-doubts in
fronta= lly=20
  facing the 'public policy' question in IG and the issue of
institutional= =20
  arrangements adequate to this purpose. These issues will not go away,
eve= ryone=20
  always knew this, and every passing day brings increasing evidence
that t= here=20
  are important public policy issues that are best dealt at global
levels -=  it=20
  often serves the public interest better if they are addressed at
global= =20
  levels, rather than at national, or bi-lateral levels (see posts on US
tr= ade=20
  deals and ccTLD dispute resolution mechanisms). Just one company,
Google,=  it=20
  seems takes on a legal suit at the rate of at least one per day, and
each=  of=20
  these is in its ad hoc way setting public policy precedents that
have=20
  implications for all of us. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">And now since (1) the issue (public policy
in I= G and=20
  its global institutional arrangements) will not go away, and (2) it
has= =20
  tremendous public interest implications (which the IGC espouses), we
need=  to=20
  explore the reason and benefits of our not engaging with them. Is it
stra= tegic=20
  to postpone this engagement as much as possible? Does postponement
lessen= s the=20
  danger of what are our principal fears from a relatively well=20
  institutionalized IG global policy arrangement.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT>= </P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">I see two basic fears (1) governments
– w= e know which=20
  ones – will institutionalize and legitimize policies of
control,=20
  hyper-security, censorship etc through such an arrangement (2) the
new=20
  arrangement will reduce the level of influence that CS or
non-governmenta= l=20
  sectors have on Internet polices (or effects of their
absence)…=20
  <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">I think on both these counts situation will
wor= sen as=20
  we delay in institutionalizing a IG policy framework. The leverage
that C= S has=20
  on IG policies has come largely from the fact that the Internet grew
away=  from=20
  governmental shadows and most governments did not understand Internet,
an= d=20
  because of it they were ready to both submit to a global framework,
and a= llow=20
  CS and other non-governmental sectors some influence on its
policies&#823= 0;=20
   this situation we know is changing to the detriment of the CS.
Most= =20
  governments today understand Internet fairly well, and further growth
of= =20
  Internet is mostly taking place under their covetous eyes. They may
not r= eally=20
  need the CS for long, neither will they need a global framework of=20
  cooperation… As more time lapses the global IG policies will be
neg= otiated by=20
  individual governments form a relative position of strength, and the
outc= omes=20
  will be determined by complete realpolitik, rather than any globally
acce= pted=20
  values, and wide democratic
participation…<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT>=
</P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">I recently read this article –
“Jef= ferson Rebuffed -=20
  The United States and the Future of Internet Governance” –
wh= ich speaks of a=20
  ‘constitutional moment’ missed for IG when the EU’s
pro= posal in the last=20
  stages of WSIS for working toward an institutional arrangement was
missed= . The=20
  same effort survives as the mention of a process towards
‘enhanced= =20
  cooperation’ in the <st1:State w:st=3D"on"><st1:place=20
  w:st=3D"on">Tunis</st1:place></st1:State> documents. I am not sure
what I= GC’s=20
  response to the EU proposal was, but I do not remember any enthusiasm.
A= =20
  similar attitude is seen among many to the ‘enhanced
cooperation&#8= 217; part.=20
  <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">It is not surprising – since the
context = and the space=20
  of a public policy institutional arrangement clearly and strongly
exists = –=20
  that various players – presently ITU – will try to use
this= =20
  lever…<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">I agree with willie that IGC should firm up
a= =20
  proactive position in this area. An early and pro-active engagement
with = the=20
  ‘public policy and its institutional arrangement issues’
can = still serve to=20
  give a greater handle to the civil society to promote (and safeguard)
pub= lic=20
  interest. It may be better served through a global policy framework
that = is=20
  informed by globally accepted norms and values, rather than ad hoc=20
  adjudications, or worse, executive arbitrariness. And it will be
better s= erved=20
  if the CS takes a lead and ensures (though, probably, not granted) a
grea= ter=20
  role in the whole process….<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Parminder <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE:
10pt">_______________________________________________=
_<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Parminder Jeet
Singh<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></=
P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">IT for Change, <st1:City
w:st=3D"on"><st1:place= =20

w:st=3D"on">Bangalore</st1:place></st1:City><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P
>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Bridging Development Realities and
Technologica= l=20
  Possibilities <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Tel: (+91-80) 2665 4134, 2653=20
  6890<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Fax: (+91-80) 4146
1055<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT=
></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">www.ITforChange.net
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></=
P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> -----Original
Message-----</SPAN></FONT></=
P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> From: wcurrie at apc.org=20
  [mailto:wcurrie at apc.org]</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> Sent: Saturday, November 25, 2006
8:16=20
  PM</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> To: <st1:PersonName=20
  w:st=3D"on">governance at lists.cpsr.org</st1:PersonName>; Jeanette=20
  Hofmann</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> Subject: Re: [governance] ITU IG=20
  Resolution</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> </SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >so the ITU is mobilising for a
process=  of=20
  enhanced cooperation which the</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> UN SG failed to initiate in the first
quar= ter of=20
  2006.</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> </SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> how is the ITU going to get the UN SG
to d= o this:=20
  by getting member states</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> into a process of discussion and
agitation=  on the=20
  metter?</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> </SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> what do we know about the incoming UN
SG's=  views=20
  on the ITU - is he likely</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> to allow the ITU to take a lead=20
  here?</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> </SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> will something happen in the first
quarter=  of=20
  2007? should the IGC prepare</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> to communicate with the incoming SG
(both = UN and=20
  ITU) about how this</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> process of enhanced cooperation may be
sta= rted=20
  and how the <st1:City w:st=3D"on"><st1:place=20
  w:st=3D"on">Geneva</st1:place></st1:City></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> Principles on IG can be usefully=20
  applied?</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> </SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> willie</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> ></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > Milton Mueller
schrieb:</SPAN></FONT>= </P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> Adam:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> These free trade agreements
that = attempt=20
  to globalize US anti-privacy</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> Whois policies are truly evil
thi= ngs,=20
  and indicate the degree to which</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> US of A policy is driven by
intel= lectual=20
  property interests.</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> But I am not sure what they
have = to do=20
  with the ITU, except that the</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> <st1:country-region
w:st=3D"on"><= st1:place=20
  w:st=3D"on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> has been promoting
WTO a= nd=20
  trade agreements as a way of bypassing</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> ITU power over the
international = telecom=20
  sector for a decade now.</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> ></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > It seems, the USG also bypasses
ICANN=  and=20
  assumes that contracting</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > governments have full control over
th= e=20
  management of their ccTLD. One</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > wonders what the ccNSO is for if
the= =20
  <st1:country-region w:st=3D"on"><st1:place=20
  w:st=3D"on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region> government can
negotiate= =20
  all</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > relevant matters in bilateral
contrac= ts,=20
  no?</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > jeanette</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> ></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>>>> ajp at glocom.ac.jp
11/2= 4/2006=20
  6:04 AM >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> Hi,</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> On 11/24/06 12:34 AM,
"Bret F= ausett"=20
  <bfausett at internet.law.pro></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> wrote:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>>>  That's an
amazing= =20
  resolution. My hat is off to anyone who can write</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> six</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>>>  pages on the
manage= ment of=20
  Internet domain names and addresses and</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> not</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>>>  mention ICANN
even= =20
  once!</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> Amazing perhaps, but also
ent= irely=20
  predictable; did anyone really</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> believe</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> the spin that the Tunis
Agend= a=20
  constituted a unanimous</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>
intergovernmental</SPAN></FONT></=
P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> bear hug for ICANN? 
Mor= eover,=20
  while the TA called for enhanced</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> cooperation</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> on public policies to be
star= ted by=20
  the UN</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>
Secretary-General---involving=20
  all</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> relevant organizations
and=20
  stakeholders---by the end of the first</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> quarter of</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> 2006, it seems that not
much = has=20
  happened besides some sotto vocci,</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> selective
bilateral/small-n= =20
  consultations.  Not surprising then that</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> governments would want to
see=  the=20
  agenda carried forward on a</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> multilateral</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> basis in the ITU.  Of
co= urse,=20
  the "involving all stakeholders"</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> language may</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> be of little practical
conseq= uence=20
  in the ITU without reforms that</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> will not</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> be forthcoming in the
near=20
  term.</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> Some other notable bits
of=20
  word-craft for deconstruction:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> "the development of
Internet= =20
  Protocol (IP)-based networks and the</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> Internet,</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> taking into account the=20
  requirements, features and interoperability</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> of</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> next-generation
networks=20
  (NGN);"</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> " Member States represent
the= =20
  interests of the population of the</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> country or</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> territory for which a
ccTLD h= as been=20
  delegated;"</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> This is an interesting
problem.&n= bsp;=20
  The US (USTR) is writing clauses</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> into bilateral free trade
agreeme= nts=20
  requiring the ccTLDs of the</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> country signing the FTA to
adopt = some=20
  form of dispute resolution</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> policy. Example, words from
the U= S/AU=20
  agreement goes on to also</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> indicate whois "each Party
shall = require=20
  that the management of its</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> country-code top-level domain
(cc= TLD)=20
  provide an appropriate</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> procedure for the settlement
of= =20
  disputes, based on the principles</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> established in the Uniform
Domain= -Name=20
  Dispute-Resolution Policy.</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> 2. Each Party shall require
that = the=20
  management of its ccTLD provide</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> online public access to a
reliabl= e and=20
  accurate database of contact</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> information for domain-name=20
  registrants."</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> Search string such as "ccTLD
free=  trade=20
  agreement" in google finds a</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> bunch.</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> I would think one way to read
thi= s is=20
  that US also thinks member</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> states control ccTLDs and can
enf= orce=20
  rules  on them.  Not what I</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> thought the
<st1:country-region= =20
  w:st=3D"on"><st1:place w:st=3D"on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>
po= sition=20
  was in WSIS.  But I might be getting</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> hot&bothered over a=20
  non-issue...</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> Adam</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> " the management of
Internet = domain=20
  names and addresses and other</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> Internet</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> resources within the
mandate = of=20
  ITU."  [phrase appears five times in</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> the</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> text]</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> Cheers,</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> Bill</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>>=20

____________________________________________________________</SPAN></FON
T=
></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> You received this message
as = a=20
  subscriber on the list:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>>     =
=20
  <st1:PersonName=20

w:st=3D"on">governance at lists.cpsr.org</st1:PersonName></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> To be removed from the
list, = send=20
  any message to:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>>     =
=20
  governance-unsubscribe at lists.cpsr.org</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>> For all list information
and= =20
  functions, see:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>>     =
=20
  http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>=20

____________________________________________________________</SPAN></FON
T=
></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> You received this message as
a=20
  subscriber on the list:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>     =20
  <st1:PersonName=20

w:st=3D"on">governance at lists.cpsr.org</st1:PersonName></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> To be removed from the list,
send=  any=20
  message to:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>     =20
  governance-unsubscribe at lists.cpsr.org</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> For all list information and
func= tions,=20
  see:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>     =20
  http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >>=20

____________________________________________________________</SPAN></FON
T=
></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> You received this message as
a=20
  subscriber on the list:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>     =20
  <st1:PersonName=20

w:st=3D"on">governance at lists.cpsr.org</st1:PersonName></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> To be removed from the list,
send=  any=20
  message to:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>     =20
  governance-unsubscribe at lists.cpsr.org</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >> For all list information and
func= tions,=20
  see:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
>>     =20
  http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> ></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >=20

____________________________________________________________</SPAN></FON
T=
></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > You received this message as a
subscr= iber on=20
  the list:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >     =20
  <st1:PersonName=20

w:st=3D"on">governance at lists.cpsr.org</st1:PersonName></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > To be removed from the list, send
any= =20
  message to:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >     =20
  governance-unsubscribe at lists.cpsr.org</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> ></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> > For all list information and
function= s,=20
  see:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> >     =20
  http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> ></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> </SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> </SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>=20

____________________________________________________________</SPAN></FON
T=
></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> You received this message as a
subscriber = on the=20
  list:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>
     <st1:PersonN=
ame=20

w:st=3D"on">governance at lists.cpsr.org</st1:PersonName></SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> To be removed from the list, send any
mess= age=20
  to:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>=20

     governance-unsubscribe at lists.cpsr.org</SPA
N=
></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> </SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">> For all list information and
functions,=20
  see:</SPAN></FONT></P>
  <P class=3DMsoPlainText><FONT face=3D"Courier New" size=3D2><SPAN=20
  style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt">>=20

     http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governanc
e=
</SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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____________________________________________________________
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