<div dir="ltr"><br><div class="gmail_quote">---------- Forwarded message ----------<br>From: <b class="gmail_sendername">'Pa Fru Ndeh' via ambasbay</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ambasbay@googlegroups.com">ambasbay@googlegroups.com</a>></span><br>Date: Wed, Jan 25, 2017 at 5:18 PM<br>Subject: How Cameroon pressured mobile operators to shut down the internet and stifle dissent<br>To: Cameroon Politics <<a href="mailto:cameroon_politics@yahoogroups.com">cameroon_politics@yahoogroups.com</a>>, Njong Cultural Group <<a href="mailto:ncuda-us@yahoogroups.com">ncuda-us@yahoogroups.com</a>><br><br><br><div><div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:garamond,new york,times,serif;font-size:16px"><div id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160276"><span></span></div><div></div><div id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160277" dir="ltr"><a href="https://qz.com/893401/cameroon-pressured-mtn-and-other-operators-to-shut-down-internet-in-bamenda-buea-regions/" class="m_2754720351040063522enhancr2_153f91dc-bd0f-b0a4-942c-4bc4d55e7357" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161126" target="_blank">How Cameroon pressured mobile operators to shut down the internet and stifle dissent</a><br></div><div id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161393"><br></div><div id="m_2754720351040063522enhancr2_153f91dc-bd0f-b0a4-942c-4bc4d55e7357" class="m_2754720351040063522yahoo-link-enhancr-card m_2754720351040063522ymail-preserve-class m_2754720351040063522ymail-preserve-style" style="max-width:400px;font-family:'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif" dir="ltr"> <a href="https://qz.com/893401/cameroon-pressured-mtn-and-other-operators-to-shut-down-internet-in-bamenda-buea-regions/" style="text-decoration:none!important;color:#000!important" class="m_2754720351040063522yahoo-enhancr-cardlink" rel="noreferrer" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161355" target="_blank"> <table class="m_2754720351040063522card-wrapper m_2754720351040063522yahoo-ignore-table" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="max-width:400px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161354"> <tbody id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161353"><tr id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161352"> <td width="400" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161351"> <table class="m_2754720351040063522card m_2754720351040063522yahoo-ignore-table" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%" style="max-width:400px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161350"> <tbody id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161349"><tr id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161348"> <td class="m_2754720351040063522card-primary-image-cell" style="background:#000 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<tbody id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161341"><tr id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161340"> <td class="m_2754720351040063522card-richInfo2" style="text-align:left;text-align:left;padding:15px 0 0 15px;vertical-align:top" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161339"> </td> <td class="m_2754720351040063522card-actions" style="text-align:right;padding:15px 15px 0 0;vertical-align:top" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161799"> <div class="m_2754720351040063522card-share-container"></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table class="m_2754720351040063522card-info m_2754720351040063522yahoo-ignore-table" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="background:#fff;width:95%;max-width:380px;border:1px solid #e0e4e9;border-bottom:3px solid #000000;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:16px 0 16px 12px;vertical-align:top"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;padding:16px 12px;width:99%"> <h2 class="m_2754720351040063522card-title" style="font-size:16px;line-height:19px;margin:0 0 4px 0;font-family:'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;word-break:break-word">How Cameroon pressured mobile operators to shut down the internet and stifl...</h2> <div class="m_2754720351040063522card-richinfo-primary" style="font-size:11px;line-height:15px;color:#999">By Abdi Latif Dahir</div> <div class="m_2754720351040063522card-description" style="font-size:11px;line-height:15px;color:#999;word-break:break-word">For over a week now, the northwest and southwest regions of Cameroon have not had any access to the internet.</div> </td> <td style="text-align:right;padding:16px 12px 16px 0"> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </a></div><div 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0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;width:100vw;max-width:940px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160789"><span style="margin:0px 0px 8px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:15px;line-height:1;font-family:AdelleBold,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(0,106,164);display:block;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160790">FLICK THE SWITCH</span><h1 style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;border:0px;font-weight:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:48px;line-height:56px;font-family:AdelleBold,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(51,51,51)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160791">How Cameroon pressured mobile operators to shut down the internet and stifle dissent</h1></header><figure style="margin:8px auto 25px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160792"><u></u><img src="https://qzprod.files.wordpress.com/2016/11/rtxcysp-e1485261808858.jpg?quality=80&strip=all&w=50" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border-width:0px;border-style:initial;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;width:1519.2px;min-height:858.075px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160794"><img alt="Cameroonian police stand near a national flag during a mass led by Pope Benedict XVI at Amadou Ahidjo stadium in Yaounde" title="" src="https://qzprod.files.wordpress.com/2016/11/rtxcysp-e1485261808858.jpg?quality=80&strip=all&w=320" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border-width:0px;border-style:initial;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;width:1519.2px;opacity:1" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160795"><u></u><figcaption style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160796"><div style="margin:0px auto;padding:22px 0px 20px 27px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:14px;line-height:20px;font-family:Adelle,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;width:100vw;max-width:940px;box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(161,161,161)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160797"><i style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:20px;line-height:20px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(190,190,190)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160798"></i>One flag. Two countries? <span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;display:inline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160799">(Reuters/Alessandro Bianchi)</span></div></figcaption></figure><div style="margin:auto;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;width:940px;min-width:940px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160800"><div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:21px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;width:240px;float:left" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160801"><div style="margin:10px 0px 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25px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Adelle,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;background:url("http://../svg/dot.svg") center bottom repeat-x;color:rgb(161,161,161)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160808"><h5 style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:10px;border:0px;font-weight:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:12px;line-height:normal;font-family:AdelleBold,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;text-transform:uppercase" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160809">WRITTEN BY</h5><a href="https://qz.com/author/adahirqz/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217);display:block" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160810" target="_blank">Abdi Latif Dahir</a></div><div style="margin:0px 0px 25px;padding:0px 0px 25px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Adelle,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;background:url("http://../svg/dot.svg") center bottom repeat-x;color:rgb(161,161,161)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160811"><h5 style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:10px;border:0px;font-weight:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:12px;line-height:normal;font-family:AdelleBold,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;text-transform:uppercase" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160812">OBSESSION</h5><a href="https://qz.com/on/the-next-billion//" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160813" target="_blank">The Next Billion</a></div><div style="margin:0px 0px 25px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Adelle,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,sans-serif;vertical-align:baseline;background:0px 0px;color:rgb(161,161,161)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160814"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160815">January 24, 2017</span> <a href="https://qz.com/africa/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(161,161,161);text-transform:capitalize" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160816" target="_blank">Quartz Africa</a></div></div><div style="margin:0px 0px auto auto;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:220px;max-width:640px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160817"><div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:290px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160818"><div style="padding-top:4px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160819">For over a week now, the northwest and southwest regions of Cameroon have not had <a href="https://twitter.com/DynResearch/status/821486316558938112" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160820" target="_blank">any access</a> to the internet. But details surrounding the internet shutdown in the English-speaking regions of the country continue to emerge slowly, showing a government intent on controlling access, <a href="https://qz.com/892433/cameroon-shut-down-the-internet-in-anglophone-regions-like-bamenda-buea/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160821" target="_blank">operators pressured</a> to cut connections, and observers worried about censorship and surveillance.</div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160822">The internet outage and subsequent block marked the culmination of <a href="https://qz.com/845783/cameroon-protests-are-growing-over-the-anglophone-francophone-split/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160823" target="_blank">months of protests</a> against the dominance of French-language use in the bilingual country. The demonstrations reached a <a href="https://qz.com/881901/the-cameroon-anglophone-francophone-divide-is-playing-out-in-the-deserted-streets-of-bamenda/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160824" target="_blank">new peak</a> in early January when protestors <a href="https://qz.com/881901/the-cameroon-anglophone-francophone-divide-is-playing-out-in-the-deserted-streets-of-bamenda/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160825" target="_blank">stayed at home</a> to strike against government marginalization. On Jan. 17, after <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-africa-38281609" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160826" target="_blank">two days of riots</a> and stay-away by teachers and lawyers, Akamai, the US-based internet content delivery company reported sharp drops in internet connectivity in the central African country.</div><div style="margin:16px 0px 10px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160827"><u></u><div style="direction:ltr;background:0px 0px;font-stretch:normal;line-height:1.4;font-family:Helvetica,Roboto,"Segoe 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style="color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:inherit" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160848" target="_blank"><span style="display:inline-block;width:36px;min-height:36px;overflow:hidden;background-color:transparent;border-radius:4px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160849"><img alt="" src="https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/514484951341756416/f2K-CJ9d_normal.jpeg" style="border-width:0px;border-style:initial;max-width:100%;max-height:100%" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160850"></span><span title="Dyn Research" style="font-weight:700" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160851">Dyn Research</span> <span title="@DynResearch" dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);font-size:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160852">@DynResearch</span></a></div></div><div style="margin-top:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160853"><div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="list-style:none;border:none;direction:ltr" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160854">Large outage in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Cameroon?src=hash" dir="ltr" rel="tag" style="color:rgb(43,123,185);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160855" target="_blank"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160856">#</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160857">Cameroon</span></a> as reports suggest govt-directed blackout following political arrests<a href="https://t.co/Pbh5TjoqOr" rel="nofollow noopener" dir="ltr" title="https://twitter.com/EricAcha1/status/821473982360809472" style="color:rgb(43,123,185);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160858" target="_blank"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160859">https://</span>twitter.com/<wbr>EricAcha1/stat<span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160860">us/<wbr>821473982360809472 </span>…</a></div><div style="font-size:14px;color:rgb(105,120,130);margin-top:3.2px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160861"><a href="https://twitter.com/DynResearch/status/821486316558938112" style="color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;font-weight:inherit" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160862" target="_blank"><time datetime="2017-01-17T22:36:15+0000" title="Time posted: 17 Jan 2017, 22:36:15 (UTC)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160863">5:36 PM - 17 Jan 2017</time></a></div><ul style="margin-top:8.4px;margin-bottom:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;list-style-type:none;border:none" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160864"><li style="display:inline-block" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160865"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?in_reply_to=821486316558938112" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160866" target="_blank"><div title="Reply" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.07639em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160867"></div></a></li> <li style="display:inline-block;margin-left:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160868"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/retweet?tweet_id=821486316558938112" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160869" target="_blank"><div title="Retweet" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.28472em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160870"></div> <span style="display:inline-block;font-size:14px;vertical-align:text-bottom" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160871">83</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160872">83 Retweets</span></a></li> <li style="display:inline-block;margin-left:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160873"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/like?tweet_id=821486316558938112" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160874" target="_blank"><div title="Like" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:0.9375em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160875"></div> <span style="display:inline-block;font-size:14px;vertical-align:text-bottom" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160876">20</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160877">20 likes</span></a></li></ul></div></blockquote></div></div><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160878"><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160879"><div style="width:510px;min-height:618px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160880"></div></div><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160881"><div style="width:1000px;min-height:1215.53px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160882"></div></div></div></div><u></u></div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160883">At the time, mobile phone companies <a href="http://www.voanews.com/a/cameroon-cuts-internet-in-english-speaking-regions/3682688.html" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160884" target="_blank">didn’t issue</a> any official statements about the internet cutoff. But new audio recordings and letters <a href="http://internetwithoutborders.org/fr/regional-internet-blackout-in-cameroon/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160885" target="_blank">shared by advocacy groups</a> like Internet Sans Frontières point to operators who were worried their licenses would be withdrawn if they didn’t comply with government orders to shut the internet.</div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160886">In a recorded <a href="https://soundcloud.com/ameroon/1248776918531895a" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160887" target="_blank">phone conversation</a>, which is alleged to be a senior MTN executive says the company received written instruction from the government to suspend internet connectivity as part of their license conditions particularly when there’s a national security concern.</div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160888">A widely-circulated letter online from the director of the country’s national telecommunications company, CAMTEL, also seems to confirm some of the concerns from the operators. In the letter to the minister for post and telecommunications, authorities at CAMTEL say they took measures on Jan. 17 and 18 to “coercively enforce your mentioned instructions” to suspend internet services “in certain sensitive regions.”</div><div style="margin:16px 0px 10px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160889"><u></u><div style="direction:ltr;background:0px 0px;font-stretch:normal;line-height:1.4;font-family:Helvetica,Roboto,"Segoe UI",Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(28,32,34);white-space:initial" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160891"><div lang="en" style="overflow:hidden;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);border:0px;border-radius:4px;max-width:520px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160892"><article dir="ltr" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160893"><div style="width:500px;overflow:hidden;background-color:rgb(245,248,250)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160894"><a href="https://twitter.com/Dbergeline/status/822798121688305665/photo/1" title="View image on Twitter" style="color:rgb(43,123,185);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;width:500px;min-height:688.662px;border:1px solid rgba(225,232,237,0.74902);border-radius:4px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing:border-box" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160895" target="_blank"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160896">View image on Twitter</span></a><div style="max-width:580px;margin:0px auto" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160897"><div style="padding-bottom:688.662px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160898"><a href="https://twitter.com/Dbergeline/status/822798121688305665/photo/1" 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id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160902"><div style="padding-left:45px;white-space:nowrap" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160903"><div style="float:right!important" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160904"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160905"><a href="https://twitter.com/Dbergeline" title="Follow Bergeline DOMOU on Twitter" style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(85,172,238);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;display:inline-block;padding:5.5px 13px 6.5px 11.5px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;line-height:1;border:1px solid rgb(85,172,238);border-radius:4px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160906" target="_blank"><span style="display:inline-block" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160907"><div title="" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.25em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160908"></div></span> Follow</a></span></div><div style="margin-top:2px;line-height:0;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden!important;text-overflow:ellipsis!important;word-wrap:normal!important" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160909"><a href="https://twitter.com/Dbergeline" style="color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:inherit" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160910" target="_blank"><span style="display:inline-block;width:36px;min-height:36px;overflow:hidden;background-color:transparent;border-radius:4px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160911"><img alt="" src="https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/824199802363793408/gfgztY-M_normal.jpg" style="border-width:0px;border-style:initial;max-width:100%;max-height:100%" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160912"></span><span title="Bergeline DOMOU" style="font-weight:700" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160913">Bergeline DOMOU</span> <span title="@Dbergeline" dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);font-size:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160914">@Dbergeline</span></a></div></div><div style="margin-top:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160915"><div lang="fr" dir="ltr" style="list-style:none;border:none;direction:ltr" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160916">Quand la souveraineté du Cameroun tient a la suspension d'Internet par l'État..en y forçant les opérateurs privés <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/FreeFreedom?src=hash" dir="ltr" rel="tag" style="color:rgb(43,123,185);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160917" target="_blank"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160918">#</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160919">FreeFreedom</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/FreeCameroon?src=hash" dir="ltr" rel="tag" style="color:rgb(43,123,185);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160920" target="_blank"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160921">#</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160922">FreeCamer<wbr>oon</span></a></div><div style="font-size:14px;color:rgb(105,120,130);margin-top:3.2px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160923"><a href="https://twitter.com/Dbergeline/status/822798121688305665" style="color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;font-weight:inherit" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160924" target="_blank"><time datetime="2017-01-21T13:28:53+0000" title="Time posted: 21 Jan 2017, 13:28:53 (UTC)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160925">8:28 AM - 21 Jan 2017</time></a></div><ul style="margin-top:8.4px;margin-bottom:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;list-style-type:none;border:none" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160926"><li style="display:inline-block" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160927"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?in_reply_to=822798121688305665" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160928" target="_blank"><div title="Reply" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.07639em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160929"></div></a></li> <li style="display:inline-block;margin-left:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160930"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/retweet?tweet_id=822798121688305665" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160931" target="_blank"><div title="Retweet" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.28472em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160932"></div> <span style="display:inline-block;font-size:14px;vertical-align:text-bottom" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160933">70</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160934">70 Retweets</span></a></li> <li style="display:inline-block;margin-left:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160935"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/like?tweet_id=822798121688305665" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160936" target="_blank"><div title="Like" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:0.9375em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160937"></div> <span style="display:inline-block;font-size:14px;vertical-align:text-bottom" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160938">13</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160939">13 likes</span></a></li></ul></div></blockquote></div></div><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160940"><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160941"><div style="width:510px;min-height:900px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160942"></div></div><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160943"><div style="width:1000px;min-height:1780.53px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160944"></div></div></div></div><u></u></div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160945">“This is unacceptable,” says Julie Owono, head of the Africa desk at like Internet Sans Frontières and a Cameroonian herself. “No operator should be punished or threatened because it respects the UN guiding principle on business and human rights.” <a href="https://qz.com/875729/how-african-governments-blocked-the-internet-to-silence-dissent-in-2016/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160946" target="_blank">This trend</a> in internet blocks, she said, “shows that more than ever, the fight against internet shutdown is a matter of human rights, which concerns citizens, civil society organizations, and business companies.”</div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160947">Prior to the shutdown, the government had also used telecom companies to <a href="https://twitter.com/brett_l_carter/status/823794361003425792" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160948" target="_blank">send text messages</a> to subscribers warning them of using social media to spread rumors and false news. (In Nov. 2015, the speaker of the assembly <a href="https://qz.com/840118/cameroons-government-is-reacting-to-online-criticism-by-calling-social-media-a-new-form-of-terrorism/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160949" target="_blank">called social media</a> “a new form of terrorism.”) After facing criticism online for sending the messages, operators like MTN responded by saying they sometimes had “to carry messages on their networks intended for the general public” given that it came from their principal regulator, the ministry.</div><div style="margin:16px 0px 10px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160950"><u></u><div style="direction:ltr;background:0px 0px;font-stretch:normal;line-height:1.4;font-family:Helvetica,Roboto,"Segoe UI",Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(28,32,34);white-space:initial" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160952"><div lang="en" style="overflow:hidden;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);border:0px;border-radius:4px;max-width:520px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160953"><article dir="ltr" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160954"><div style="width:500px;overflow:hidden;background-color:rgb(245,248,250)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160955"><a href="https://twitter.com/MTNCameroon/status/820661872034717697/photo/1" title="View image on Twitter" style="color:rgb(43,123,185);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;width:500px;min-height:500px;border:1px solid rgba(225,232,237,0.74902);border-radius:4px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing:border-box" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160956" target="_blank"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160957">View image on Twitter</span></a><div style="max-width:640px;margin:0px auto" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160958"><div style="padding-bottom:500px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160959"><a href="https://twitter.com/MTNCameroon/status/820661872034717697/photo/1" style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(43,123,185);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;display:block;width:500px;min-height:500px;line-height:0" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160960" target="_blank"><img width="640" height="640" title="View image on Twitter" alt="View image on Twitter" src="https://pbs.twimg.com/media/C2OTRmXWEAA8dyf.jpg:small" style="border-width:0px;border-style:initial;max-width:100%;max-height:100%;line-height:0;min-height:auto" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160961"></a></div></div></div></article><div style="padding:14.4px 20px 11.6px;border-style:solid;border-color:rgb(225,232,237);border-width:0px 1px 1px;border-radius:0px 0px 4px 4px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160962"><blockquote cite="https://twitter.com/MTNCameroon/status/820661872034717697" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;list-style:none;border:none" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160963"><div style="padding-left:45px;white-space:nowrap" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160964"><div style="float:right!important" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160965"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160966"><a href="https://twitter.com/MTNCameroon" title="Follow MTN CAMEROON on Twitter" style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255);color:rgb(85,172,238);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;display:inline-block;padding:5.5px 13px 6.5px 11.5px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;line-height:1;border:1px solid rgb(85,172,238);border-radius:4px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160967" target="_blank"><span style="display:inline-block" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160968"><div title="" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.25em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160969"></div></span> Follow</a></span></div><div style="margin-top:2px;line-height:0;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden!important;text-overflow:ellipsis!important;word-wrap:normal!important" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160970"><a href="https://twitter.com/MTNCameroon" style="color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:inherit" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160971" target="_blank"><span style="display:inline-block;width:36px;min-height:36px;overflow:hidden;background-color:transparent;border-radius:4px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160972"><img alt="" src="https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/458684718276304896/mLYiWUvP_normal.jpeg" style="border-width:0px;border-style:initial;max-width:100%;max-height:100%" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160973"></span><span title="MTN CAMEROON" style="font-weight:700" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160974">MTN CAMEROON</span> <span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160975"><div title="Verified Account" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.11111em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160976"></div><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160977">✔</span></span><span title="@MTNCameroon" dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);font-size:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160978">@MTNCameroon</span></a></div></div><div style="margin-top:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160979"><div lang="en" dir="ltr" style="list-style:none;border:none;direction:ltr" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160980"><a href="https://twitter.com/MTNCameroon" dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(43,123,185);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160981" target="_blank"><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160982">@</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160983">MTNCameroon</span></a> does not engage in activities that go contrary to the corporate values of the MTNGroup and our license & concession obligations</div><div style="font-size:14px;color:rgb(105,120,130);margin-top:3.2px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160984"><a href="https://twitter.com/MTNCameroon/status/820661872034717697" style="color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px;font-weight:inherit" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160985" target="_blank"><time datetime="2017-01-15T16:00:12+0000" title="Time posted: 15 Jan 2017, 16:00:12 (UTC)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160986">11:00 AM - 15 Jan 2017</time></a></div><ul style="margin-top:8.4px;margin-bottom:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;list-style-type:none;border:none" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160987"><li style="display:inline-block" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160988"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?in_reply_to=820661872034717697" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160989" target="_blank"><div title="Reply" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.07639em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160990"></div></a></li> <li style="display:inline-block;margin-left:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160991"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/retweet?tweet_id=820661872034717697" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160992" target="_blank"><div title="Retweet" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:1.28472em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160993"></div> <span style="display:inline-block;font-size:14px;vertical-align:text-bottom" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160994">24</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160995">24 Retweets</span></a></li> <li style="display:inline-block;margin-left:14px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160996"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/like?tweet_id=820661872034717697" style="color:rgb(105,120,130);text-decoration:none;outline-style:initial;outline-width:0px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160997" target="_blank"><div title="Like" style="display:inline-block;min-height:1.25em;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:0.9375em;background-image:url("")" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160998"></div> <span style="display:inline-block;font-size:14px;vertical-align:text-bottom" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_160999">23</span><span id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161000">23 likes</span></a></li></ul></div></blockquote></div></div><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161001"><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161002"><div style="width:510px;min-height:712px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161003"></div></div><div style="overflow:hidden" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161004"><div style="width:1000px;min-height:1403.2px" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161005"></div></div></div></div><u></u></div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161006">Cameroonian authorities were also able to shut down the internet because the government-owned CAMTEL <a href="https://qz.com/892433/cameroon-shut-down-the-internet-in-anglophone-regions-like-bamenda-buea/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161007" target="_blank">operates the fiber optic</a> backbone that provides internet to the country. Owono says the government was able to shut down the internet to specific regions by disconnecting them from the national or global area network using <a href="https://www.raymond.cc/blog/how-to-remotely-turn-off-computer-from-lan-or-wan/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161008" target="_blank">third party software</a>.</div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161009">“This means that the government ordered internet service providers to change the routing tables or to cut off the routers with the help of a software,” Owono says. “Or they can do [the shutdown] with a hardware, by turning off machines or pulling out cables.”</div><div style="padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;border:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;vertical-align:baseline" dir="ltr" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161010"><em style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161011"><a href="https://qz.com/africa-weekly-brief/" style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(22,141,217)" id="m_2754720351040063522yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1485383697823_161012" target="_blank">Sign up for the Quartz Africa Weekly Brief</a> — the most important and interesting news from across the continent, in your inbox.</em></div></div></div></div></article></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">
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</font></span></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature">Aaron Agien NYANGKWE<br>P.O.Box 5213<br>Douala-Cameroon<br>Tel. 237 673 42 71 27<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></div>
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