<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=iso-8859-1"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Good evening:<div><br></div><div>I hesitate to join this vast discussion (I think I am not on most of the mailing lists referenced above) and I fear that I have not understood the whole thread, albeit being in good company.</div><div><br></div><div>However, I think that 'decentralisation of IP addresses' is not the correct way forward.</div><div><br></div><div>My expectation would be that a large proportion of the future use of IPv6 will relate to the Internet of Things and RFID.</div><div>The principal sectors concerned would be global manufacturing, transportation and delivery, and consumer products and services.</div><div><br></div><div>A significant proportion of that new demand for IP addresses will not be regionally based, still less national or local. </div><div>It looks as if a lot of that will go global. soon. (Just think in terms of the sourcing, assembly, delivery ad maintenance of the device that you are currently looking at.)</div><div><br></div><div>If I am right, then I would expect the organisations most concerned to seek a centralised, global source of IPv6 blocks. How the routing and re-assignment of these global IP addresses will be managed is for the experts, not myself. Obviously we do not want IPv6 addresses to be used once and disappear when components are scrapped and RFIDs in packaging are duly binned.</div><div><br></div><div>Just a few thoughts</div><div><br></div><div>CW</div><div><br></div><div><br><div><div>On 29 Nov 2015, at 18:59, Jean-Christophe Nothias <<a href="mailto:jeanchristophe.nothias@gmail.com">jeanchristophe.nothias@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Optima; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Optima; font-size: medium; border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Optima; font-size: medium; border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Optima; font-size: medium; border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; ">Dear lists,<br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br></span></div><div>A view among others.</div><div><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div>I note that this topic of 'the decentralization of IP addresses', even though a few have mocked the questioner and the question, is raising some debate. I was asking myself why do we suddenly have some activity as regards to Willy's wishes and questioning?</div><div><br></div><div>Let us see what this thread has to say so far: </div><div>- <b>Suresh</b> very briefly summarized Willy's views by calling for an end to confusion between TCP/IP and the Postal service. A sarcasm to the least. Too bad, Suresh doesn't mention the fact that ITU is handling a non geographical space of futurist and strategic importance i.e. the Space, and its many satellites - another technology inherited from the Telegraph century?! ITU the organization helping dummies inhabiting the atmosphere to communicate with us, the grounded.</div><div>- <b>David</b> gave some more detailed thoughts about "understanding names and numbers". Saying that names are abstractions is fine, but short of clarity; writing that 'systems geographically based involve a great deal of governance' is also confusing. It is not clear if David meant that today IPs are living their life with no governance at all, or if a different model for handling IPs would be such a burden on economic or technological grounds. Could David provide an analysis comparing the two systems with pro and cons, data and figures? David recommended to ask ITU for feedbacks on regional and national governance. Another taste for sarcasm it seems. Acknowledging that Willy's ideas were raising 'lot of questions', David noted that 'many of us would disagree with quite a few of Willy's assumptions as both misguided in their intent, and based on some fairly basic misunderstandings'. That makes a lot of assumptions for David to counter Willy's assumptions.</div><div>- <b>Suresh</b> joined again to highlight David's mention of ITU: 'such proposals have been floating around ITU circles for a great many years". Probably another terrible plot by the villains in Geneva!</div><div>- <b>Cedric</b> asked: '...would it not be premature to assume other models cannot exist, and that managing an address space (or certification such as PKI) always has to require any central or hierarchical co-ordination?' </div><div>- <b>Chantal</b> provided a link to Louis's work, getting us back to the origins and basics of transmitting data in a network of networks. Still working today.</div><div>- <b>Paul</b> provided a reference - not mentioning that it was a link to a post he wrote - challenging ITU's work about IPs; to no one's surprise he advocated against it or any attempt to change the system. The post is very long but it doesn't necessarily mean that Paul is right. Paul emphasized the absence of geography for IPs, even though the network of networks is made of networks geographically established in national boundaries and under national jurisdictions, something that hasn't destroyed the idea of <b>INTER</b>-connected <b>NET</b>works - to the contrary. Maybe I should simply write that the Internet is an international network of national networks, therefore with a lot of geographic national bounds and boundaries. When Paul concludes his blog he notes: 'The structure of today's Internet is a geography of independent networks around the world' - he omits to indicate the national specification and very nature of these networks - 'with transparent borders allowing traffic to flow freely between any pair of locations'. Such narrative should sounds like poetry to many techos, - and to me as well - and its allegoric style should not forbid us to challenge what seems to be well established (see jfc's email for that). Indeed there are many ways to flow freely between any pair of locations" wIth or without the current DNS, or within the current DNS. Here again a lot of assumptions.</div><div>- By then <b>Nick</b> argued that they were other profound issues 'threatening the network', and therefore, we should all stop discussing Willy's question and views. Obviously Nick's comment does not exactly bring substance to the thread. On a personal note, I am sure everyone on these lists is quite able to decide whether or not to enter any debate, to their best judgement. Calling for an end to a debate (which is having a few guns exchanging shots) is relatively surprising for someone from the business industry so prompt to call for protection of freedom of expression, human rights, and who has seen himself as the next ICANN's CEO with some self confidence. (I know this a bad habit among self-(s)elected folks). By the way, how would you label folks calling for stopping debating? Democrats, yes that must the right word.</div><div>- '<b>srs</b>' came in with an interesting IP technologist's quote: 'IP addresses, though randomly allocated, could easily be listed on a per country basis by the Agencies. Existing filtering system does this with zero need to reallocate anything...'</div><div>- <b>Stéphane</b> who's used to demonstrate his googling of RFCs had this to ask to the lists: "When are we too polite?" His answer was compelling: his message was saying something like be gross and mean. Stéphane didn't give any RFC number to support his contra 'too polite' stance.</div><div>- <b>Barry</b> would call his great sense of humor to keep the debate open, ironically calling for a multistakeholder bottom-up trick to solve the issue. Just need to read Barry once to make sure you have respect for geography.</div><div>- <b>Lee</b> was happy with Stéphane's contra 'too polite' stance and used a '+1'. Both must be very upset with the question.</div><div>- Lately, '<b>jfc</b>' would somehow support Stéphane's critic of Willy's clarity, but would be kind enough to clearly support what he sees as a decent ITU investigation. '<b>jfc</b>' provided two excellent RFC references to support his support.</div><div><br></div><div>I see a couple of interesting points being made here.</div><div><br></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#fe2617"><b>First</b></font>, could people provide a link to ITU investigation, and a link to a source describing the current governance for IPs. At least for those who are not so acquainted.</div><div><br></div><div><b><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#fe2617">Second</font></b>, I wonder why Willy and his question create such a fuss. Many hypothesis. One seems to be the role of the 'decentralizing' idea in the questioning. In fact, most pro status quo folks (aligned with multistakeholderists) are professing an already decentralized Internet. 'Therefore how could we decentralize an already decentralized system?', they seem to ask. According to them, this doesn't make sense, and must be defeated as pure non sense. So maybe the question is some sort of major <i>embarras de principe. </i>Maybe then the basic solution is to kill the question for it would be insane, confusing, impossible, unreadable, part of another ITU temptation to grab power - please feel free to be unpolite - ... The question seems unbearable. When it is not, at least on technical and public policy grounds. But of course, there are other hypothesis.</div><div><br></div><div><b><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#fe2617">Third</font></b>, challenging the Internet architecture seems to be a red line, something that no multistakeholder/status quo champion could ever discuss, debate, think of. They should think twice. And not because of the ITU, but because of the US obstructive stance, and because technology calls for innovation and disruption. (Thanks to <b>jfc</b> for the RFCs on this). IPs can obviously be distributed on a national basis - maybe not the best system - but that is doable. Of course, an NGO located in one of these evil, rogues or villain states will put its digital content behind IPs located out of their unfriendly homeland. </div><div><br></div><div>Here, we are talking Internet architecture, the political and societal impacts it has, and the rules it obeys to, and not just its beauty code. Of course, we have many pending Internet governance issues, something that will be demonstrated sometime in NY in December, but let's stop talking about 'digital Human Rights' for a sec. (Alec Ross once said to me that they didn't exist, as they were invented to serve a greater purpose: the US interests)</div><div><br></div><div>There is an IP/root-zone/DNS governing model behind the current status quo. For the time being, it leads us to IETF/IAB for the most part, and to RFCs for the historic part. We all know that IANA's transfer is a kind of <i>écran de fumée</i> when the real power lies beyond it. Giving IANA from ICANN under NTIA/DoC/USG to ICANN without NTIA/DoC/USG won't make a difference. A true decentralization (in terms of coordination) would create a new set of governance, not just bring one to a space that used to live without one centralized governing set of rules. I am convinced that technology would be happy to adapt, as a neutral thing - it loves to be challenged anyway. Some will even argue that IANA and ICANN are not critical resources when it comes to Internet architecture. I tend to agree, as ICANN/IANA are valets to the architects, or guardian of the current DNS aspect of the architecture. The network of networks is fragmented by nature, but it is/looks a coherent and fluid space - thanks to Louis and followers for making this possible. As regards to the current DNS, things could be set otherwise, still coherent and fluid, two qualities that are not enough for us who ask for more social justice, democratic regulation, transparency... Tomorrow we could have a multi-rooted Internet. We (the users as the real Internet community) would simply have different concierges: each user would be offered a choice at any time to chose his/her concierge (Emilio Iccano, Pedro Oproot, Marcello NameSpace, Willy Uncleario...). Browsers would allow users to chose which root concierge they want to use at anytime. Of course, concierge with special connection to mass surveillance paranoids might lose the favor of the public. If the NSA would catch a few nihilists, that would greatly help to justify the billion they cost to the US taxpayer. Soon some geeks/startups/companies will make profits out of such ideas. We don't need ICANN to live and navigate the Internet. ICANN is only one out of many solutions. ICANN's power comes from the fact that there is promiscuity and connivence between the commercial and security US players. ICANN has a monopolistic nature because some commercial giants, and security folks need it. Of course, ICANN et al claim that any competitor would disrupt and fragment the Internet. Which is of course a fairytale. Maybe we shouldn't bother as over the next decade some geeks will ruin the DNS as we know it.</div><div><br></div><div>The ones telling us that we need to fight any attempt to broke what works so well, simply omit to tell us that the Internet architecture can be different and more consistent with all of what many of us are advocating here, with more responsibility, with more competition, more innovation, more distributive power at local and community level, with greater respect of our Rights. The overall vision of an Internet being un-fragmented is propagated by the ones who wish to protect giants and tyrants's sovereignty on markets and people. The digital economic war now raging over the planet will only drive to the dismantlement of the existing fortress, de facto monopole, tyranny of a few. The US policy, strictly applied by his pet followers (Sweden, UK, Japan, Canada, and the commonwealth - love this name), is there to preserve its interests. </div><div><br></div><div>Decentralization is needed (a real one) in a revised global legal framework to protect it, and the people's rights and their own conception of what are the new Commons. Such a legal framework, an international law would hold part of it as far as governments are concerned, would distribute more responsibility, competition, better protect rights, and it would also drive economic wealth in a more distributed way, not just to the big players imposing their rules (not to confuse with regulation). Since it exists, Google has greatly contributed to kill pluralism in the media landscape. Who cares? Thanks to its financial torque, it has bought for itself intellectual rights to part of the human legacy in health, literature, science... Who cares? The game is to capture audiences, one way or another, as famously and appropriately put by Susan Crawford. This means more centralization, more concentration. This is not what the founders of Internet dreamt of - I am referring to the academic folks who invented it, with no multistakeholder process behind them, and before the USG took control in 1998.</div><div><br></div><div>Instead the US should start setting a competitive digital world with more root concierges (for more TLDs). That would demonstrate and protect a diversity and plurality of languages, culture, traditions, media, markets, still under interoperable norms and regulations (sorry I could not avoid to use that ugly word). A multi-rooted Internet would offer more search engines, neutral and less commercially biased ones. A multi-rooted approach would also be complementary to a multipolar, fluid and decentralized Internet. A multi-rooted approach would help achieve an alternative Internet with an immediate more balanced governance, with interoperability and competitive approaches, with no tyrants to dominate others, in the interest of users around the planet. IPs are IPS, and content are located at IPs. So asking to different concierge would fragment nothing, except the current monopoles. The surveillance and commercial ones. Something we would love the US to be the champions of. Something for a New Frontiers president. (Someone is telling me that the guy exists but that he was assassinated by his fellow countrymen - the country of the Free with the record number of assassinated presidents). So let's wait for the next New Frontiers president to emerge. In the US, or anywhere else. Or let's use what we already have at hand.</div><div><br></div><div>So indeed, it seems that behind the "decentralization of", there is a lot to be concerned with.</div><div><br></div><div>The decentralization question is helping to deconstruct the fairytale of a decentralized and ungovernable Internet that we have been given for granted over the last 17 years since 1998.</div><div><br></div><div>JC</div><div><br></div><div><div>Le 29 nov. 2015 à 08:19, Jefsey a écrit :</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><br><blockquote type="cite">At 18:23 28/11/2015, willi uebelherr wrote:<br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><blockquote type="cite">many thanks for your reference. For your constructive participation in this discussion.<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite">At 20:36 28/11/2015, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:<br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite">Your texts are impossible to understand, and the little that is<br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite">understandable is hopelessly confused. Your proposal is "not even<br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite">false" (by which I mean it is not possible to make sense of it, and<br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite">then to determine if it's true or false.)<br></blockquote><br>Willi,<br><br>This being said, having been in charge for several years (1982/1986)<br>of the global DNIC based X.121 addressing implementation, I supported<br>10 years ago the ITU _investigation_ (it was not a proposition).<br><br>Why? Because we will necessarily move into a more open world once the<br>1986-2013 "status-quo" culture has progressively unfrozen through<br>experimentation and (now technically correct) "permissionless innovation".<br><br>The difference between the "ITU/RIRs" period and the post ICANN<br>leadership evolution should be the multiplication of registries<br>(continents, nations, RFC 6852 global communities, ISO/IEC 11179,<br>etc.) and types of numbering plans.<br><br>The same as 15 years ago they documented why new TLDs would spoil the<br>nets. At that time no one considered possibilities such as SixXS, nor<br>an RFC 6852 pleading for the technology to be driven by markets<br>economics, nor the IETF to consensually accepting to be bound to the<br>ICANN "global community" and subject to NTIA review.<br><br>Now, I suggest you at least read two RFCs:<br><br>1. RFC 1958 "architectural principles of the Internet". Its first<br>section is named "Constat change". It starts stating: " In searching<br>for Internet architectural principles, we must remember that technical<br>change is continuous in the information technology industry. The<br>Internet reflects this. ... Principles that seemed inviolable a few<br>years ago are deprecated today. Principles that seem sacred today will<br>be deprecated tomorrow. The principle of constant change is perhaps<br>the only principle of the Internet that should survive indefinitely."<br><br>2. RFC 3439 states " The implication for carrier IP networks then, is<br>that to be successful we must drive our architectures and designs<br>toward the simplest possible solutions."<br><br><br>jfc<br><br><blockquote type="cite">Am 28/11/2015 um 08:51 a.m. schrieb Paul Wilson:<br></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><blockquote type="cite">For reference, here's an article on this topic, written 10 years ago in<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><blockquote type="cite">response to an ITU proposal for geographic/nationalised management of<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><blockquote type="cite">IPv6 address space.<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><blockquote type="cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><blockquote type="cite"><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/the_geography_of_internet_addressing">http://www.circleid.com/posts/the_geography_of_internet_addressing</a><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><blockquote type="cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><blockquote type="cite">Paul.<br></blockquote></blockquote><br><br>____________________________________________________________<br>You received this message as a subscriber on the list:<br> <a href="mailto:governance@lists.igcaucus.org">governance@lists.igcaucus.org</a><br>To be removed from the list, visit:<br> <a href="http://www.igcaucus.org/unsubscribing">http://www.igcaucus.org/unsubscribing</a><br><br>For all other list information and functions, see:<br> <a href="http://lists.igcaucus.org/info/governance">http://lists.igcaucus.org/info/governance</a><br>To edit your profile and to find the IGC's charter, see:<br> <a href="http://www.igcaucus.org/">http://www.igcaucus.org/</a><br><br>Translate this email: <a href="http://translate.google.com/translate_t">http://translate.google.com/translate_t</a><br></blockquote></div><br></div>____________________________________________________________<br>You received this message as a subscriber on the list:<br> <a href="mailto:governance@lists.igcaucus.org">governance@lists.igcaucus.org</a><br>To be removed from the list, visit:<br> <a href="http://www.igcaucus.org/unsubscribing">http://www.igcaucus.org/unsubscribing</a><br><br>For all other list information and functions, see:<br> <a href="http://lists.igcaucus.org/info/governance">http://lists.igcaucus.org/info/governance</a><br>To edit your profile and to find the IGC's charter, see:<br> <a href="http://www.igcaucus.org/">http://www.igcaucus.org/</a><br><br>Translate this email: <a href="http://translate.google.com/translate_t">http://translate.google.com/translate_t</a><br></blockquote></div><br></div></body></html>