<div dir="ltr">Following Ian yesterday - here's the link to the APC statement about the situation:<div><a href="https://www.apc.org/en/pubs/facts-takebackthetech" rel="noreferrer" style="font-size:12.8px" target="_blank">https://www.apc.org/en/pubs/facts-takebackthetech</a><br></div><div><br></div><div><span style="font-size:12.8px">=========================</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Facts on #TakeBacktheTech</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">=========================</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">12 October 2015: Since Friday, 9 October 2015, a mounting online</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">attack has been launched against the Twitter hashtag #TakeBacktheTech</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">and associated initiatives.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Take Back the Tech! was launched in 2006 by a group of young women in</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Southeast Asia in response to an increasing recognition that emerging</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">ICT developments like mobile phones and geolocation software were used</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">to extend the violence that women faced in physical spaces through SMS</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">harassment and cyber stalking by abusive partners. See here for full</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">research on case studies in seven countries.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Echoing the Take Back the Night campaigns by women’s movements in</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">different parts of the world, the campaign saw the importance of</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">reclaiming the transformative potential of digital spaces for the</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">exercise of women’s human rights, including the right to freedom of</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">expression, public participation and safety. The campaign was</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">initiated by the Association for Progressive Communications (APC)</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Women’s Rights Programme, and has been taken up, adapted and owned by</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">individuals, organisations and collectives in places such as</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Bangladesh, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada,</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Colombia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Germany, India, Kenya,</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Macedonia, Malaysia, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines, Rwanda, South</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Africa, Uganda, the United Kingdom, the United States and Uruguay. The</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">campaign is linked to the longstanding 16 Days of Activism Against</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Gender-based Violence global campaign.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Take Back the Tech and APC have never supported censorship; to the</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">contrary, we have explicitly explored means of addressing online hate</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">speech in general, and misogynist content in particular, without</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">resorting to censorship. Claims to this effect in the recent efforts</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">to hijack the #takebackthetech hashtag are simply not accurate. APC’s</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Internet Rights Charter, a document which interprets how fundamental</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">human rights apply on the internet, was released in 2001.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Claims that APC supports doxing (defined in Wikipedia as searching for</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">and publishing private or identifying information about a particular</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">individual on the internet, typically with malicious intent) are also</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">not accurate. This claim was made in response to a reference in an</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">educational comic available on the Take Back the Tech! site to the</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">case of Mary Beard who was offered, via a public tweet, contact</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">details of the mother of a tweeter who had been attacking her online.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">She did not seek it out nor did she use it. Instead she communicated</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">directly with the person who had been posting the abusive tweets and</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">in a rare instance, was able to resolve the situation</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">(</span><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/aug/27/mary-beard-befriends-twitter-trolls-online-abuse" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size:12.8px">http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/aug/27/mary-beard-befriends-twitt<br>er-trolls-online-abuse</a><span style="font-size:12.8px">)</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">APC collaborates closely with the United Nations. APC and Take Back</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">the Tech did not author the ITU Broadband Commission report “Cyber</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Violence against Women and Girls: A world-wide wake-up call”. We agree</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">with most of the content of this report, but there are areas of</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">analysis and recommendations in the report that we do not support in</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">full. To learn more about what APC’s position is with regard to online</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">free expression and responding to harmful content refer to:</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><a href="http://www.genderit.org/feminist-talk/pulling-back-veil-free-speech" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size:12.8px">http://www.genderit.org/feminist-talk/pulling-back-veil-free-speech</a><span style="font-size:12.8px">.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">APC and Take Back the Tech are stakeholders of the Internet Governance</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Forum (IGF) Best Practice Forum to share learning and experiences on</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">how to respond to online abuse and violence against women. The IGF is</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">a multistakeholder platform that facilitates policy dialogue on key</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">and emerging issues related to internet policy and governance. As with</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">all other IGF processes, the work of this Best Practice Forum has been</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">inclusive and transparent. It is unfortunate that this transparency</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">has been used to misrepresent the goals of this process</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">(</span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lK7nnL11dIE" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size:12.8px">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lK7nnL11dIE</a><span style="font-size:12.8px">)</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">If anyone wants to access accurate information about the IGF and this</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Best Practice Forum, refer to:</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><a href="http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/best-practice-forums/4-practices-to-countering-abuse-against-women-online#about" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size:12.8px">http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/best-practice-forums/4-practices-to-count<br>ering-abuse-against-women-online#about</a><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Similarly, if anyone wants to make constructive contributions to the</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Best Practice Forum’s work, please comment on Draft II, currently</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">published for public input:</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><a href="http://review.intgovforum.org/igf-2015/best-practice-forums/draft-ii-bpf" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size:12.8px">http://review.intgovforum.org/igf-2015/best-practice-forums/draft-ii-bpf</a><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">- -on-practices-to-counter-</span><span style="font-size:12.8px">online-violence-against-women-</span><span style="font-size:12.8px">and-girls/</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">The attack against APC and Take Back the Tech and efforts to hijack</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">the #takebackthetech hashtag, which has involved people who</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">self-associate with #Gamergate posting threats targeting members of</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">our community and images that depict women being subjected to physical</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">and sexual violence, illustrate how women’s and girls’ voices are</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">silenced on social networking platforms by violent and sexist expression</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">The scale of this attack thus far has involved more than 20,000 tweets</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">and memes containing anti-feminist, racist, violent and abusive</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">content, which has also been targeted at those who expressed support</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">for #TakeBacktheTech. Emails that included threatening content have</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">also been sent to individuals associated with organising the the</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">initial Twitter conversation that launched the attack. It bears</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">repeating that the attacks are coordinated, planned and organised, and</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">this demonstrates the importance of continuing, collaborative efforts</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">to address this issue.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">Thanks to those who have expressed their support.</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">To find out more about online violence against women:</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><a href="http://www.genderit.org/sites/default/upload/end_violence_malhotra_dig.pdf" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" style="font-size:12.8px">http://www.genderit.org/sites/default/upload/end_violence_malhotra_dig.p<br>df</a><br style="font-size:12.8px"><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span style="font-size:12.8px">For more information contact:</span><br style="font-size:12.8px"><span class="im" style="font-size:12.8px"><br>Jac Sm Kee<br>Women’s Rights Programme Manager, Association for Progressive<br>Communications<br>Email: <a href="mailto:jac@apcwomen.org">jac@apcwomen.org</a><br></span></div><div><br></div><div>Deirdre</div><div><br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On 11 October 2015 at 05:28, Ian Peter <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:ian.peter@ianpeter.com" target="_blank">ian.peter@ianpeter.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">I am posting this separately to a few lists, so apologies if you are already aware of this.<br>
<br>
For those who have not caught up on this weekend's vicious attack on APC and Take Back the Tech.<br>
<br>
I'd particularly encourage you to read the reddit link, and see how a distorted campaign has been mounted in the name of freedom of speech on such a low factual base. What's more, a set of people who were planning to discuss this subject - and who are already victims of cyber-bullying - have been aggressively cyber-bullied and exposed to some very poor taste material.<br>
<br>
On Twitter, the hashtag mostly under attack is #takebackthetech - a long standing APC campaign. This hashtag and #imagineafeministinternet hVE virtually been taken over by #gamergate followers.<br>
<br>
I don't know how we can counter such attacks; nor do i know how you get a factual basis to these discussions when those mounting the attack want a distorted situation.<br>
<br>
This is quite a worrying development that now has spread from APC to an attack where IGF and UN are being accused of opposing freedom of speech.<br>
<br>
I would love to know a good way to address this. But in the meantime, I think people should be aware of this.<br>
<br>
-----Original Message----- From: Ian Peter<br>
Sent: Sunday, October 11, 2015 6:57 PM<br>
To: Michael Gurstein ; 'Internet governance related discussions' ; <a href="mailto:ciresearchers@vcn.bc.ca" target="_blank">ciresearchers@vcn.bc.ca</a><br>
Subject: Re: [JNC - Forum] : [Air-L] #gamergate trolling attack going on nowagainst a feminist tech movement<br>
<br>
So this attack is still ongoing, and being done in the name of "freedom from<br>
censorship". And the devil has become the IGF and the UN!<br>
<br>
It's astonishing how well organised it is on a distorted information<br>
base -see the link below.<br>
<br>
<a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/KotakuInAction/comments/3oa04u/goal_op_take_back_the_truth_phase_ii_the_apc_has/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.reddit.com/r/KotakuInAction/comments/3oa04u/goal_op_take_back_the_truth_phase_ii_the_apc_has/</a><br>
<br>
-----Original Message----- From: Jac sm Kee<br>
Sent: Saturday, October 10, 2015 11:41 PM<br>
To: Michael Gurstein ; 'Internet governance related discussions' ;<br>
<a href="mailto:ciresearchers@vcn.bc.ca" target="_blank">ciresearchers@vcn.bc.ca</a><br>
Subject: Re: [JNC - Forum] : [Air-L] #gamergate trolling attack going on now<br>
against a feminist tech movement<br>
<br>
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----<br>
Hash: SHA1<br>
<br>
Hi Michael,<br>
<br>
Thanks for the support. I think there are a couple of things that can<br>
be done:<br>
<br>
a) Reposting the statement in your sites to demonstrate support to the<br>
work, and condemning the attacks<br>
b) Also post something that explains the open, transparent,<br>
multistakeholder and participatory nature of IGF, and related work<br>
including intersessionals. The trolls seem to be really confused about<br>
what IGF is about, and see this as an "evil UN scheme" to control the<br>
internet. Which is quite funny. They celebrate it as a victory to be<br>
able to join a BPF meeting and access archives of documented<br>
discussion. Very strange, but maybe some information and clarification<br>
from the IGF community can help.<br>
<br>
If you have more ideas, happy to hear them.<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
jac<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
- ---------------------------------<br>
Jac sm Kee<br>
Manager, Women's Rights Programme<br>
Association for Progressive Communications<br>
<a href="http://www.apc.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">www.apc.org</a> | <a href="http://www.takebackthetech.net" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">www.takebackthetech.net</a> | <a href="http://erotics.apc.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">erotics.apc.org</a><br>
Jitsi: jacsmk | Skype: jacsmk | Twitter: @jhybe<br>
<br>
On 10/10/2015 05:46, Michael Gurstein wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
Thanks for this below Anriette/Jac...<br>
<br>
I came across the original message on a list for "Internet<br>
researchers" where it is being discussed along with associated<br>
attacks under the overall rubric of #gamergate referring to a quite<br>
serious troll attack focusing on an online discussion concerned<br>
with the lack of gender responsive actions and outputs among gamers<br>
and game developers.<br>
<br>
Apart from actually participating in the troll attack (difficult if<br>
one has no real idea of what is going on) is there anything useful<br>
that sympathetic observers can do at this point.<br>
<br>
M<br>
<br>
-----Original Message----- From: Forum<br>
[mailto:<a href="mailto:forum-bounces@justnetcoalition.org" target="_blank">forum-bounces@justnetcoalition.org</a>] On Behalf Of Anriette<br>
Esterhuysen Sent: October 9, 2015 1:39 PM To: Internet governance<br>
related discussions <<a href="mailto:forum@justnetcoalition.org" target="_blank">forum@justnetcoalition.org</a>>;<br>
<a href="mailto:ciresearchers@vcn.bc.ca" target="_blank">ciresearchers@vcn.bc.ca</a>; Jac sm Kee <<a href="mailto:jac@apcwomen.org" target="_blank">jac@apcwomen.org</a>> Subject: Re:<br>
[JNC - Forum] ?spam FW: [Air-L] #gamergate trolling attack going on<br>
now against a feminist tech movement<br>
<br>
Dear JNC and CI researchers<br>
<br>
Aside from this attack being cited as an interesting subject for<br>
research, you might also want to take action.<br>
<br>
We would also appreciate support. Hashtag #takebackthetech<br>
<br>
Please find below a statement from APC on the attack.<br>
<br>
Anriette Esterhuysen, APC<br>
<br>
Take Action for #TakeBackTheTech and ImagineAFeministInternet<br>
<br>
Today, Friday the 9th of October 2015, misoynists, trolls and a<br>
variety of people who associate with the #Gamergate hashtag decided<br>
to occupy and corrupt the #TakeBackTheTech and<br>
#ImagineAFeministInternet hashtags by posting thousands of<br>
anti-feminist and misogynistic tweets and memes. This attack is the<br>
response to a tweet chat organised by the Internet Governance<br>
Forum, Best Practice Forum on Countering Online Violence and Abuse,<br>
to discuss the impact of such violence. The volunteer who was<br>
organising the tweet chat also received an email in her personal<br>
inbox declaring the launch of the attack to “destroy” the<br>
campaign.This online attack against feminist activism online is<br>
deliberate, planned, and coordinated and it’s only one example of<br>
the attack that feminists face online.<br>
<br>
Take Back the Tech! is a collaborative campaign to reclaim<br>
technology to prevent violence against women. It started in 2006<br>
and works with local partners to run campaigns online and offline<br>
to raise awareness of technology-related violence against women and<br>
girls, promote digital safety and amplify women’s voices online.As<br>
a hashtag, #TakeBackTheTech has been used by activists to draw<br>
attention to issues of online violence against women, and to<br>
organise around periods like ‘Sixteen Days of Activism against<br>
Gender Based Violence’. #ImagineAFeministInternet first came into<br>
use in 2013 when the Association for Progressive Communications<br>
convened a gathering of over 50 activists in Malaysia to discuss<br>
what a Feminist Internet would look like - open, digitally secure,<br>
safer for feminist activists. Increasingly<br>
#ImagineAFeministInternet has become more popular as digitally<br>
connected feminists have come together to conceptualise what a<br>
safe, activist online space would look like.<br>
<br>
Today’s cyber attack by the trolls emphasise that more than ever<br>
feminists and activists need to respond swiftly to online violence.<br>
Our organisations, movements and allies need to support the digital<br>
security of women’s rights defenders online. More than ever we need<br>
to #TakeBackTheTech and #ImagineAFeministInternet. As individual<br>
activists and members of various social justice activists we call<br>
on you to do the following:<br>
<br>
Report abusive accounts to Twitter If you feel so inclined, create<br>
alternative accounts to push back against the trolls Reclaim the<br>
#TakeBackTheTech and #ImagineAFeministInternet hashtags Support the<br>
process of documenting instances of online violence against women<br>
Highlight the importance of feminism, technology and women's rights<br>
online Share knowledge of how to end online violence against women<br>
Support #TakeBackTheTech and our efforts to<br>
#ImagineAFeministInternet<br>
<br>
Enquiries<br>
<br>
Jac Sm Kee Women's Rights Programme Manager, Association for<br>
Progressive Communications Email: <a href="mailto:jac@apcwomen.org" target="_blank">jac@apcwomen.org</a><br>
<br>
On 09/10/2015 22:12, Michael Gurstein wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
Interesting roiling in the twittersphere around APC led tech and<br>
feminism campaign.<br>
<br>
M<br>
<br>
-----Original Message----- From: Air-L<br>
[mailto:<a href="mailto:air-l-bounces@listserv.aoir.org" target="_blank">air-l-bounces@listserv.aoir.org</a>] On Behalf Of Zara<br>
Rahman Sent: October 9, 2015 8:44 AM To: <a href="mailto:air-l@listserv.aoir.org" target="_blank">air-l@listserv.aoir.org</a><br>
Subject: [Air-L] #gamergate trolling attack going on now against<br>
a feminist tech movement<br>
<br>
Hi all,<br>
<br>
I thought this might be of interest for those of you studying<br>
trolling: there is a (seemingly well-coordinated) Gamergate going<br>
on right now against those using the hashtag #takebackthetech and<br>
(to a lesser extent) #imagineafeministinternet.<br>
<br>
Both of these hashtags started with the feminist organisation<br>
APC, and they were/are planning an online twitter discussion<br>
tonight on the impact of onlnie violence against women - but<br>
Gamergate trolls seem to have picked up on it in advance.<br>
<br>
The community is organising at the moment on how to respond, but<br>
if you're interested in following/studying/archiving the attack -<br>
head to #takebackthetech<br>
<<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/TakeBackTheTech?src=hash" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://twitter.com/hashtag/TakeBackTheTech?src=hash</a>>.<br>
<br>
For reference: <a href="https://www.takebackthetech.net/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.takebackthetech.net/</a><br>
<a href="https://www.apc.org/en/about/programmes/womens-networking-support-pro" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.apc.org/en/about/programmes/womens-networking-support-pro</a><br>
</blockquote></blockquote>
g<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
<br>
</blockquote></blockquote>
ramme-<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
apc-wnsp<br>
<br>
Thanks - if you end up working on this topic further, please let<br>
me know! And, perhaps this goes without saying but please don't<br>
@/tag me or others in your responses if you choose to respond on<br>
Twitter. The organisers of the twitter chat have already received<br>
abusive twitter and email messages.<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
<br>
Zara<br>
<br>
-- Zara Rahman Fellow at Centre for Internet and Human Rights<br>
<a href="http://zararah.net" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://zararah.net</a> | Twitter: @zararah<br>
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Executive Director Association for Progressive Communications<br>
<a href="mailto:anriette@apc.org" target="_blank">anriette@apc.org</a> <a href="http://www.apc.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">www.apc.org</a> IM: ae_apc<br>
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<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div>“The fundamental cure for poverty is not money but knowledge" Sir William Arthur Lewis, Nobel Prize Economics, 1979</div>
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