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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On Monday 05 January 2015 03:34 AM, Ian
Peter wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:B4418CFBBB404646A063F2FB593B15D8@Toshiba"
type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">
<div style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; COLOR:
#000000">
<div>Worth reading. Puts a lot of the debate about internet
freedom into the context of free trade vs protectionism.</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
If one is to believe what is written here is correct, one has to
treat US and US delegations at global IG forums in the same way as
China's or Russia's are treated. In fact, treated much worse, as
Morozov also shows, a Chinese and Russian gov is the biggest threat
to their respective national Internets but hardly a fraction of a
threat to the global Internet as the US gov is.<br>
<br>
But what is the reality? Has it been missed anyone here? What do we
see at all global forums? And btw whose initiative is the NetMundial
Initiative? We can of course make ourselves believe what Fadi says
that it is the 'mother of bottom up initiatives', but everyone knows
that the NM initiative, like the initial Net Mundual meeting, took
shape in the deep strategic parts of the US establishment and is
meant to serve its interests - and it will serve its interest, no
doubt. <br>
<br>
The US issued threats and sanctions against North Korea even when it
is hardly yet proven that the latter was behind the Sony episode.
What about the enormous intrusions that Snowden shows us as US
having caused against practically the entire world - and intrusions
of the worst possible kinds. But of course no one can issue threats
and sanctions against the US - they are the big boss of the world.
In the circumstances, the civil society needs to make the choice -
it would resist and oppose this biggest power with respect to, and
the biggest threat to, the global Internet, of which one of the most
important planks is of course a strong global governance system for
the Internet, which can check US's power. Or instead play the US's
game, with perhaps the apology that the US's power is just too great
to be resisted and instead one must try and get whatever little
gains one can by playing along with it. Not worth the idealism that
one expects from civil society, but that is not what many other
people seem to think.<br>
<br>
<br>
parminder <br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:B4418CFBBB404646A063F2FB593B15D8@Toshiba"
type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">
<div style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; COLOR:
#000000">
<div> </div>
<div>Ian Peter</div>
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<div style="FONT: 10pt tahoma">
<div> </div>
<div style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
<div style="font-color: black"><b>From:</b> <a
moz-do-not-send="true" title="ip@listbox.com"
href="mailto:ip@listbox.com">Dave Farber via ip</a>
</div>
<div><b>Sent:</b> Monday, January 05, 2015 6:45 AM</div>
<div><b>To:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
title="ip@listbox.com" href="mailto:ip@listbox.com">ip</a>
</div>
<div><b>Subject:</b> [IP] DL- One Man's Freedom is
Another Man's Imperialism (via Evgeny Morosov)</div>
</div>
</div>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div style="FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION: none;
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<div class="gmail_quote">---------- Forwarded message
----------<br>
From: "Mark Stahlman via Digital Life" <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:dl@listbox.com">dl@listbox.com</a>><br>
Date: Jan 4, 2015 1:02 PM<br>
Subject: DL- One Man's Freedom is Another Man's
Imperialism (via Evgeny Morosov)<br>
To: "Dave" <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:dave@farber.net">dave@farber.net</a>><br>
Cc: <br>
<br type="attribution">
<div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/04/internet-freedom-china-russia-us-google-microsoft-digital-sovereignty"
target="_blank">http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/04/internet-freedom-china-russia-us-google-microsoft-digital-sovereignty</a><br>
<br>
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<h1>Who’s the true enemy of internet freedom -
China, Russia, or the US?</h1>
<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Guardian Egyptian
Web','Guardian Text Egyptian Web',georgia,serif;
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moz-do-not-send="true"
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none; BACKGROUND:
none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; COLOR:
rgb(230,113,27)"
href="http://www.theguardian.com/profile/evgeny-morozov"
rel="author" target="_blank">Evgeny Morozov</a></span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
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<div style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Guardian Egyptian
Web','Guardian Text Egyptian Web',georgia,serif;
FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)">Beijing
and Moscow are rightly chastised for restricting
their citizens’ online access – but it’s the US
that is now even more aggressive in asserting
its digital sovereignty</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<span>Saturday 3 January 2015</span><span>19.04 EST<br>
<br>
</span>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px"><span
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Guardian Egyptian
Web','Guardian Text Egyptian Web',georgia,serif;
TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase; FLOAT: left; FONT-WEIGHT:
200; COLOR: rgb(230,113,27); DISPLAY: inline-block"><span
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: text-top; DISPLAY:
inline-block">R</span></span>ecent reports that<span> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" title=""
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; BACKGROUND:
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/29/google-gmail-blocked-china-great-firewall"
target="_blank">China has imposed further
restrictions on Gmail,</a>Google’s flagship email
service, should not really come as much of a surprise.
While Chinese users have been unable to access Gmail’s
site for several years now, they were still able to
use much of its functionality, thanks to third-party
services such as Outlook or Apple Mail. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51);
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">This
loophole has now been closed (albeit temporarily –
some of the new restrictions seem to have been
mysteriously lifted already), which means determined
Chinese users have had to turn to more advanced
circumvention tools. Those unable or unwilling to
perform any such acrobatics can simply switch to a
service run by a domestic Chinese company – which is
precisely what the Chinese government wants them to
do. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">Such
short-term and long-term disruptions of Gmail
connections are part of China’s long-running efforts
to protect its technological sovereignty by reducing
its citizens’ reliance on American-run communication
services. After<span> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
title="" style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important;
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/22/north-korea-suffers-internet-blackout"
target="_blank">North Korea saw its internet access
blacked out</a><span> </span>temporarily in the<span> </span><em>Interview</em><span> </span>brouhaha
– with little evidence that the country actually had
anything to do with the massive hacking of Sony – the
concept of technological sovereignty is poised to
emerge as one of the most important and contentious
doctrines of 2015. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51);
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">And
it’s not just the Chinese: the Russian government is
pursuing a similar agenda. A new law that came into
effect last summer obliges all<span> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" title=""
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; BACKGROUND:
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/19/russia-digital-soveriegnty-nsa-surveillance"
target="_blank">internet companies to store Russian
citizens’ data on servers inside the country</a>.
This has already prompted<span> </span><a
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style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; BACKGROUND:
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/12/google-closes-engineering-office-russia"
target="_blank">Google to close down its engineering
operations</a><span> </span>in Moscow. The Kremlin’s
recent success in getting<span> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" title=""
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; BACKGROUND:
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/30/-sp-verdict-alexei-navalny-kremlin-critic-galvanises-russia-opposition"
target="_blank">Facebook to block a page calling for
protests in solidarity with the charged activist
Alexey Navalny</a><span> </span>indicates that the
government is rapidly re-establishing control over its
citizens’ digital activities. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">But
it’s hardly a global defeat for Google: the company is
still expanding elsewhere, building communications
infrastructure that extends far beyond simple email
services. Thus, as South American countries began
exploring plans to counter NSA surveillance with a
fibre optic network of their own that would reduce
their reliance on the US,<span> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" style="TEXT-DECORATION: none
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/google"
target="_blank">Google</a><span> </span>opened its
coffers to fund a $60m undersea cable connecting
Brazil to Florida.<br>
</p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51);
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; FONT:
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">The
aim was to ensure that Google’s own services run
better for users in Brazil, but it is a potent
reminder that extricating oneself from the grasp of
America’s tech empire requires a multidimensional
strategy attuned to the fact that Google today is not
a mere search and email company – it also runs
devices, operating systems, and even connectivity
itself. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">Given
that Russia and China are not known for their
commitment to freedoms of expression and assembly, it
is tempting to view their quest for information
sovereignty as yet another stab at censorship and
control. In fact, even when the far more benign
government of<span> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
title="" style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important;
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/20/brazil-dilma-rousseff-internet-us-control"
target="_blank">Brazil toyed with the idea of
forcing American companies to store user data
locally<span> </span></a>– an idea it eventually
abandoned – it was widely accused of draconian
overreach.<br>
</p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">However,<span> </span><a
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/russia"
target="_blank">Russia</a>, China and Brazil are
simply responding to the extremely aggressive tactics
adopted by none other than the US. In typical fashion,
though, America is completely oblivious to its own
actions, believing that there is such a thing as a
neutral, cosmopolitan internet and that any efforts to
move away from it would result in its “Balkanisation”.
But for many countries, this is not Balkanisation at
all, merely de-Americanisation. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">US
companies have been playing an ambiguous role in this
project. On the one hand, they build efficient and
highly functional infrastructure that locks in other
countries, creating long-term dependencies that are
very messy and costly to undo. They are the true
vehicles for whatever is left of America’s global
modernisation agenda. On the other hand, the companies
cannot be seen as mere proxies for the American
empire. Especially after the Edward Snowden
revelations clearly demonstrated the cosy alliances
between America’s business and state interests, these
companies need to constantly assert their independence
–<span> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true" title=""
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; BACKGROUND:
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/11/yahoo-nsa-lawsuit-documents-fine-user-data-refusal"
target="_blank">occasionally by taking their own
government to court<span> </span></a>– even if, in
reality, most of their interests perfectly align with
those of Washington. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">This
explains why Silicon Valley has been so vocal in
demanding that the Obama administration do something
about internet privacy and surveillance: if internet
companies were seen as compromised parties here, their
business would collapse. Just look at the misfortunes
of Verizon in 2014:<span> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" title=""
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; BACKGROUND:
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href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-28047877"
target="_blank">uncertain of the extent of
data-sharing between Verizon and the NSA, the German
government ditched its contract with the US company</a><span> </span>in
favour of Deutsche Telekom. A German government
spokesman said at the time: “The federal government
wants to win back more technological sovereignty, and
therefore prefers to work with German companies.”<br>
</p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">However,
to grasp the full extent of America’s hypocrisy on the
issue of information sovereignty, one needs to look no
further than the<span> </span><a
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style="TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; BACKGROUND:
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/dec/14/privacy-is-not-dead-microsoft-lawyer-brad-smith-us-government"
target="_blank">ongoing squabble between Microsoft
and the US government</a>. It concerns some email
content – relevant to an investigation – stored on
Microsoft’s servers in Ireland. American prosecutors
insist that they can obtain such content from
Microsoft simply by serving it a warrant – as if it
makes no difference that the email is stored in a
foreign country. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">In
order to obtain it, Washington would normally need to
go through a complex legal process involving bilateral
treaties between the governments involved. But now it
wants to sidestep that completely and treat the
handling of such data as a purely local issue with no
international implications. The data resides in
cyberspace – and cyberspace knows no borders! </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">The
government’s reasoning here is that the storage issue
is irrelevant; what is relevant is where the content
is accessed – and it can be accessed by Microsoft’s
employees in the US. Microsoft and other tech giants
are now fighting the US government in courts, with
little success so far, while the Irish government and
a handful of European politicians are backing<span> </span><a
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/microsoft"
target="_blank">Microsoft</a>. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">In
short, the US government insists that it should have
access to data regardless of where it is stored as
long as it is handled by US companies. Just imagine
the outcry if the Chinese government were to demand
access to any data that passes through devices
manufactured by Chinese companies – Xiaomi, say, or
Lenovo – regardless of whether their users are in
London or New York or Tokyo. Note the crucial
difference: Russia and<span> </span><a
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href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/china"
target="_blank">China</a><span> </span>want to be
able to access data generated by their citizens on
their own soil, whereas the US wants to access data
generated by anybody anywhere as long as American
companies handle it. </p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px">In
opposing the efforts of other countries to reclaim a
modicum of technological sovereignty, Washington is
likely to run into a problem it has already
encountered while promoting its nebulous “internet
freedom” agenda: its actions speak louder than its
words. Rhetorically, it is very hard to oppose
government-run digital surveillance and online spin in
Russia, China or Iran, when the US government probably
does more of it than all of these countries combined.<br>
</p>
<p style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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medium/24px 'Guardian Text Egyptian
Web',georgia,serif; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px 0px
1px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px;
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style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px;
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BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT:
0px">Whatever motivates the desire of Russia and
China to exert more control over their digital
properties – and only the naive would believe that
they are not motivated by concerns over domestic
unrest – their actions are proportional to the
aggressive efforts of Washington to exploit the fact
that so much of the world’s communications
infrastructure is run by Silicon Valley. One’s man
internet freedom is another man’s internet
imperialism.</span> </p>
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