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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><div><p class=MsoNormal>Government Control Over Internet Governance: Proposal Would Give the GAC Increased Power over ICANN Board Decisions<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>By Michael Geist<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Aug 18 2014<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><<a href="http://www.michaelgeist.ca/2014/08/government-control-internet-governance-icann-proposes-giving-gac-increased-power-board-decisions/" target="_blank">http://www.michaelgeist.ca/2014/08/government-control-internet-governance-icann-proposes-giving-gac-increased-power-board-decisions/</a>><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p style='line-height:21.75pt;background:#FBFBFB;max-width:100%'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Georgia","serif";color:#414141'>The debate over Internet governance for much of the past decade has often come down to a battle between <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/the_geo_politics_of_icann_vs_itu/" target="_blank"><span style='color:#416ED2;text-decoration:none'>ICANN and the ITU</span></a> (a UN body), which in turn is characterized as a choice between a private-sector led, bottoms-up, consensus model (ICANN) or a governmental-controlled approach. The reality has always been far more complicated. The U.S. still maintains <a href="http://www.michaelgeist.ca/2014/03/us-gov-on-iana-2/" target="_blank"><span style='color:#416ED2;text-decoration:none'>contractual control</span></a> over ICANN, while all governments exert considerable power within the ICANN model through the <a href="https://gacweb.icann.org/display/gacweb/Governmental+Advisory+Committee" target="_blank"><span style='color:#416ED2;text-decoration:none'>Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC)</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='line-height:21.75pt;background:#FBFBFB;max-width:100%'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Georgia","serif";color:#414141'>While the GAC claims its role is merely to provide “advice” to ICANN, it often seems to take the view that its suggestions can’t be refused. Indeed, late on Friday, ICANN <a href="https://www.icann.org/public-comments/bylaws-amend-gac-advice-2014-08-15-en" target="_blank"><span style='color:#416ED2;text-decoration:none'>proposed a by-law change</span></a> that would grant governments even greater control over its decision-making process. At the moment, ICANN looks to various supporting organizations to develop policies designed to represent the views of many different stakeholders, including the GAC. Where the GAC and the ICANN board disagree on a policy issue, the ICANN board decision governs provided that a simple majority of board members vote against the GAC advice and that ICANN provide an explanation for the decision.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='line-height:21.75pt;background:#FBFBFB;max-width:100%'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Georgia","serif";color:#414141'>ICANN is now proposing that the threshold be increased so that 2/3 of eligible ICANN board members would be required to vote against GAC advice in order to reject it. The by-law change <a href="https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposed-revisions-gac-advice-15aug14-en.pdf" target="_blank"><span style='color:#416ED2;text-decoration:none'>states</span></a>:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='line-height:21.75pt;background:#FBFBFB;max-width:100%'><i><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Georgia","serif";color:#414141'>A final decision by the ICANN Board to not follow the advice of the Governmental Advisory Committee must be supported by a two-thirds vote of all members of the Board that are eligible to vote on the matter.</span></i><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Georgia","serif";color:#414141'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='line-height:21.75pt;background:#FBFBFB;max-width:100%'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Georgia","serif";color:#414141'>The increased threshold would grant governments enormous power over ICANN, coming close to an effective veto over decisions based on broad consultations and participation from around the world. With the GAC intervening with increasing frequency (particularly on <a href="http://domainincite.com/16969-gac-rejects-multistakeholderism-tells-icann-to-ignore-the-gnso" target="_blank"><span style='color:#416ED2;text-decoration:none'>new generic TLD issues</span></a>), ICANN has <a href="http://www.worldipreview.com/news/gac-advice-on-gtlds-not-binding-icann" target="_blank"><span style='color:#416ED2;text-decoration:none'>maintained</span></a> that it is not required to follow the governmental advice. That is technically true, but the proposed by-law chance would make it exceptionally difficult to overcome government demands. In effect, governments would be given near-complete veto power over ICANN board decisions. The <a href="https://www.icann.org/public-comments/bylaws-amend-gac-advice-2014-08-15-en" target="_blank"><span style='color:#416ED2;text-decoration:none'>comment period</span></a> on the proposal is open until September 14, 2014.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:4.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:white'><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#333333'><a href="https://www.listbox.com/member/archive/247/=now" title="Go to archives for ip"><span style='color:#669933;text-decoration:none'>Archives</span></a> <a href="https://www.listbox.com/member/archive/rss/247/22720195-c2c7cbd3" title="RSS feed for ip"><span style='color:#669933;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://www.listbox.com/images/feed-icon-10x10.jpg"></span></a>| <a href="https://www.listbox.com/member/?member_id=22720195&id_secret=22720195-8fdd4308" title=""><span style='color:#669933;text-decoration:none'>Modify</span></a> Your Subscription | <a href="https://www.listbox.com/unsubscribe/?member_id=22720195&id_secret=22720195-97c5b007&post_id=20140819063400:4A4A5FEA-278C-11E4-8D0C-F0AE315A20AC" title=""><span style='color:#669933;text-decoration:none'>Unsubscribe Now</span></a> </span><o:p></o:p></p></td><td valign=top style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><a href="http://www.listbox.com"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1026" src="https://www.listbox.com/images/listbox-logo-small.png"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></body></html>