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<div><div>I have one response regarding the "non-democratic" states that reflects my experience, similar to Rafik's.<div><br>My comments below.</div><br></div></div>
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<p>Young Eum Lee(이 영 음 ; 李 寧 音)</p>
<p>Professor/ Department of Media Arts and Sciences </p>
<p>Korea National Open University (<a hidefocus="" style="selector-dummy: true" href="http://www.knou.ac.kr/~yesunny">http://www.knou.ac.kr/~yesunny</a>)<br>(한국방송통신대학교 미디어영상학과 교수)<br></p>
<p>ccNSO council, ICANN (<a hidefocus="" style="selector-dummy: true" href="http://ccnso.icann.org/about/council.htm">http://ccnso.icann.org/about/council.htm</a>)</p>
<p>Chair, Daum Open User Committee (<a href="http://blog.daum.net/openuser/11259208" style="font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;">http://blog.daum.net/openuser/11259208</a><span style="font-size: 12px;">)</span></p><p><a hidefocus="" style="selector-dummy: true" href="mailto:yesunny@knou.ac.kr">yesunny@knou.ac.kr</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; font-weight: bold;">보낸사람: </span>Norbert Bollow [nb@bollow.ch]<br>
<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; font-weight: bold;">받는사람: </span>Rafik Dammak [rafik.dammak@gmail.com]<br>
<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; font-weight: bold;">날 짜: </span>2014년 5월 4일(일) 01:12:07<br>
<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; font-weight: bold;">제 목: </span>[governance] Re: [bestbits] Roles and Responsibilities - CSTDworking group on enhanced cooperation<br><br>
Rafik Dammak <rafik.dammak@gmail.com> wrote:
<br>
<br>> > I am very much in favor of open multistakeholder processes with full
<br>> > involvement of all interested parties, including the private sector,
<br>> > for the development of policy proposals, including coordination of
<br>> > proposals with the goal of minimizing problems when different
<br>> > countries choose to adopt different public policy options.
<br>>
<br>> good to hear that you are in support of multistaekholder process,
<br>
<br>I quite generally support multistakeholder processes in any context of
<br>governance as long as they're set up appropriately to not undermine or
<br>endanger principles of democracy.
<br>
<br>> that was not indicated in your first message.
<br>
<br>Well there was a link to a quite detailed proposal which is all about
<br>such processes. I'll admit though that this proposal I-D currently
<br>suffers from the problem that it is so long that only relatively few
<br>people will read it, and I still haven't gotten around to putting a
<br>decent summary together.
<br>
<br>> > interests of different stakeholder groups. These insights should
<br>> > then be provided to national parliaments so that the choice between
<br>> > different public policy possibilities, each justifiable and right
<br>> > from some perspective, will be made in a democratic manner, on the
<br>> > basis of the best possible information.
<br>> >
<br>> >
<br>> again good to see your explanation for supporting the multistakeholder
<br>> model with such level of details.
<br>
<br>I don't think it accurate to say that there is a single, "the"
<br>multistakeholder model. Just like there is no single "the" state based
<br>model. For example, even though in 1848 (!) the system of the Swiss
<br>parliament was modeled on the US system, the practical dynamics are
<br>totally different.
<br>
<br>> I responded to your when you were
<br>> defending the state based model and giving privileges to governments
<br>> even when you recognise the drawbacks.
<br>
<br>I would consider the model which I'm proposing, which assigns a pivotal
<br>role to national parliaments, to be a very much state based model. Even
<br>if it is at the same time very much a multistakeholder process oriented
<br>model.
<br>
<br>> > In regard to your point about non-democratic states: They obviously
<br>> > have a totally broken governance system. They obviously violate the
<br>> > human rights of the people living there. But neither of those points
<br>> > should be allowed to stop the people living in parts of the world
<br>> > where the governments are to a significant degree democratic (like
<br>> > is the case for me) from being allowed to insist that we value
<br>> > democracy, and we don't want to lose it, even when the line between
<br>> > Internet governance and traditional areas of governance is becoming
<br>> > more and more blurred.
<br>> so you don't propose any alternatives for those under authoritarian
<br>> regimes and want to keep a system silencing them because it may work
<br>> for you as swiss citizen ? how can this embed the democracy values
<br>> you are defending?
<br>
<br>I'm perfectly willing to provide any and all support to assist those
<br>who are currently under authoritarian regimes as long as the support
<br>that is asked is within the constraints of what I am able to provide,
<br>and as long as providing this support would not undermine democracy
<br>where it currently exists.
<br>
<br>When we talk about authoritarian regimes, we talk about governments who
<br>routinely violate the human rights of their citizens in various ways.
<br>Will such regimes be impressed if everyone outside their country agrees
<br>that states should have no special role in Internet governance? I think
<br>not, no more than they are impressed by the UDHR and the various human
<br>rights treaties. So in my view the proposed action (of denouncing the
<br>Tunis Agenda assertion that states have a special role in regard to
<br>public policy) would not only have (potentially, at least) dangerous
<br>side effects on democracy where it exists, it would also be totally
<br>ineffective at addressing the very real problems in the various
<br>countries that are in fact totalitarian. <div><br><br></div>
<div><font style="line-height: 20.399999618530273px;"><font color="#0000ff">--> YE: There are varying degrees of how "authoritarian" a country can be. And there are countries that are categorized as having "noticeable problems" in the 2014 World Press Freedom Index (by Reporters without Borders) that do pay attention to global standards. Yes, multistakeholderism as it is practiced currently has many problems in that certain stakeholders may have more influence than others, but the kind of multistakeholderism that we witnessed in NETmundial is by far a much more promising model than one that has the potential to produce a state-centered model, especially if we consider the mechanisms that allow the voices of civil society (individuals and groups) to be heard. There are many 'swing' states that would definitely be influenced by a global definition of internet governance, and many of those would use the argument for placing more weight on the 'role of governments' to the detriment of democracy. In this regard, I support using the term "democratic multistakeholderism" and if we are going to include 'respective roles,' we should qualify it by stating that different stakeholders have 'different but equally important roles.' This would acknowledge the policy making roles of governments, but would make it clear that other stakeholders have equally important roles.</font><div><br></div></font></div>By contrast, I would support efforts aimed at spelling out what are and
<br>what are not appropriate types of business deals with entities in such
<br>countries. For example I would propose that providing uncensored(*)
<br>Internet connectivity to such entities is always a positive thing to
<br>do, even if you know that the ordinary people within the country will be
<br>subjected to a "great firewall" kind of thing. By contrast, delivering
<br>any software or consulting service where the primary purpose it to
<br>improve such a "great firewall" should be a no-no, etc. I would go so
<br>far to say that once it is reasonably clear what are from a moral and
<br>human rights perspective the no-no, legislation which forbids
<br>commercial activities of that type would be a good thing. Of course,
<br>when I talk of legislation, I'm again suggesting that (democratic!)
<br>states would take on a special role.
<br>
<br>I don't know how much this kind of embargo would help the people in
<br>totalitarian countries, but at least we wouldn't be guilty of
<br>contributing to making the situation worse. Other measures might be
<br>more effective. The idea of smuggling inspirational literature (e.g.
<br>about the life and the ideas of such heroes as Mahatma Gandhi and
<br>Nelson Mandela) into such countries, in paper form or electronic form,
<br>comes to mind. More effective yet might be fixing the shortcomings in
<br>regard to social justice shortcomings which we have in the practice of
<br>our democratic states, for example in regard to how our "Western"
<br>countries deal with the rest of the world: If we can rob the dictators
<br>of the grains of truth which currently still exist in the excuses and
<br>ideologies that they use to justify oppression, the likelihood of
<br>collapse of those oppressive systems might be greatly increased.
<br>
<br>Greetings,
<br>Norbert
<br>
<br>(*) With "uncensored" I mean here: Free from any kind of censorship of
<br>communications content. There's of course nothing wrong with reasonable
<br>network management practices such as discarding packets that are
<br>malformed or whose source addresses are clearly forged.
<br>
<br>
</rafik.dammak@gmail.com></div>
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