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    Well, we have innovation!  With the IGF in Bali, and ICANN on a
    cruise ship, we may have 'beach or floating governance'. Internet
    governance could be fun!<br>
    <div> <br>
      I like the metaphor of the ship since it implies our common
      destiny. We are all passengers of ICANNia or ITUnia or...<b>?<font
          color="#cc0000"></font></b>       Metaphors are also useful to
      remove our tunnel vision and make us think more creatively. In
      another metaphor, I hope that Internetistan will resist
      Absurdistan (<a
href="http://diplo.smugmug.com/ILLUSTRATIONS/Posters-1/4464706_T4FW6r#%21i=1104113260&k=2GsD8hV&lb=1&s=A"
        target="_blank">here is the map of this fast-growing country</a>).
      <br>
      <br>
      But back to the current reality. Unfortunately, the ICANN cruise
      ship won't solve the problem of internationalisation. 'Open sea'
      refers only to freedom of navigation. It does not deal with the
      status of the ship. All relations on the ship are regulated by the
      national law of the ship's flag. ICANNia has to be registered
      somewhere. One solution could be a flag of convenience such as
      Liberia or Panama.  What happens on the ICANNia is regulated by
      national law, with no major differences from any other land-based
      entity (company, organisation). Yes, ICANNia can sail in whatever
      direction it wants to sail, but the decision must be made by the
      captain according to the rules of the flag's state. Extrapolating
      from the role of the captain on the ship, the ICANNia would look
      like military unit. The cruise ship metaphor gets even more
      interesting  when we consider different classes of cabins, rescue
      operations, etc.<br>
      <br>
      These thoughts have taken me back to Hugo Grotius's book <i>Mare
        Liberum</i> that established the "open sea" concept four
      centuries ago as opposed to the idea of a <i>Mare Nostrum</i>. <font
        color="#cc0000"><b> </b></font>His relevance for our time is
      sobering. If we replace 'sea' with 'Internet' we could have the
      next book on the Internet. Grotius was a very interesting
      personality.<font color="#cc0000"><b> </b></font> Besides being
      one of the first international lawyers, he was one of the founders
      of the 'natural law' school of thought.  In addition, he wrote a
      lot about social contract (before Rousseau, Locke, and others). As
      a matter of fact, his social contract theory could be applicable
      to the Internet. </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    When it comes to the concept of open sea, Grotius had an interesting
    interplay with the political masters of his era.  He believed in
    open sea, but Dutch and British authorities quickly realised the
    usefulness of his doctrine. They had the biggest fleets and had
    ambitions to develop trade and colonial empires. Grotius provided
    them with the necessary doctrine or 'political software'.  However,
    Grotius always argued that 'open sea' needs rules and principles in
    order to be 'open'. Although it was counter-intuitive to the leaders
    of two growing maritime powers, he managed to convince them that it
    was in their best interest to 'tame' their comparative powers and
    ensure the sustainability of their empires beyond the 17th century.
    Everything else has written the history, which proved Grotius right.
    We can draw many parallels, with the necessary caution that
    historical analogies should be handled with care. <br>
    <br>
    While we are waiting for a new Grotius (or Godot), we should review
    how we debate Internet governance issues. Grotius was a great
    scholar who mastered the existing rules before he started changing
    them. We, on the other hand, use well-defined and developed concepts
    in a relaxed way. A few examples...<br>
    <br>
    As we saw, the frequently used metaphor of the open sea does not
    translate to an open Internet. In many respects, it can lead in the
    opposite direction (Internet Nostrum).  <br>
    <br>
    Another example is the role of states' responsibility in the
    Internet era. This is a well-defined concept in international law.
    If we want states to be responsible for whatever is originating in
    their territories  (e.g. cyber-attacks, botnets),  we have to give
    them the tools to ensure their responsibility (mainly state control,
    regulation, and surveillance). Most writings on state responsibility
    start from the opposite assumption, i.e. the limited role of the
    state. With all the creativity and imagination in the world, we
    still cannot have it both ways. <br>
    <br>
    The most topical example of the need for evidence-based policy is
    the case of the Red Cross name/emblem at ICANN. There are very clear
    rules for the protection of the Red Cross name/emblem that were
    adopted some 100 years ago and have been followed, without 
    reservation, on national and international levels.  ICANN was right
    in protecting the Red Cross name but made the mistake of putting it
    together with organisations that do not enjoy the same status (the
    International Olympic Committee).  <br>
    <br>
    Even if we want to change the rules in order to adjust to
    the specificities of the Internet era (if any), we have first to
    master them. I see here an important role for academic and civil
    society communities. If we had advised ICANN to evaluate the Red
    Cross and IOC submissions separately, we could have avoided a lot of
    policy confusion and wasted time. <br>
    <br>
    The GIGANET might consider the evidence-based policy research as the
    key theme for the next meeting?<br>
    <br>
    Regards, Jovan <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 12/6/12 3:31 PM, McTim wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CACAaNxi4ye7AOFaHY__SPm_Xv7n0rNai=bhrTi9Wn4Fkx1616g@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">All,
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>If domiciling ICANN in a nation state is problematic, perhaps
        ICANN could buy this cruise ship as a HQ:</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div><a moz-do-not-send="true"
          href="http://cruiseship.homestead.com/Cruise-Ship.html">http://cruiseship.homestead.com/Cruise-Ship.html</a></div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>It would help solve the problem of internationalisation, be a
        permanent host for ICANN meetings (2450 berths....saving hotel
        costs for all) and generate revenue intersessionally.  It's a
        3-fer, plus it's a snip @~ 300 million USD!!</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        -- <br>
        Cheers,<br>
        <br>
        McTim<br>
        "A name indicates what we seek. An address indicates where it
        is. A route indicates how we get there."  Jon Postel<br>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-signature">-- <br>
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              Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New
              Roman";color:#1F497D;mso-ansi-language:
              EN-GB">Jovan <span class="SpellE">Kurbalija</span>, PhD<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
            style="font-size:10.5pt;
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            mso-ansi-language:EN-GB">Director, <span class="SpellE">DiploFoundation</span></span><span
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            New Roman";
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            color:#1F497D;mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH">Rue de
            Lausanne 56 </span><b
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            New Roman";
            color:#1F497D;mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH">1202
            Geneva</span><span
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            New Roman";
            color:#A6A6A6;mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH"> </span><b
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            color:#1F497D;mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH">Switzerland</span><span
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                color:#1F497D;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB">Tel.</span></b><span
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              mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH">+41 (0) 22 7410435 </span><b
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                lang="FR-CH">Mobile.</span></b></span><span
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            797884226<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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              Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New
              Roman";color:#1F497D;mso-ansi-language:
              EN-GB">Email: </span></b><span
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              style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times
              New Roman";
              color:red;mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH">| </span></b><b
            style="mso-bidi-font-weight:
            normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span
              style="font-size:10.5pt;
              font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New
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              mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH">Twitter:</span></b><span
            style="font-size:
            10.5pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times
            New Roman";color:#1F497D;
            mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH"> @jovankurbalija</span><span
            style="font-size:10.0pt;
            font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New
            Roman";color:#1F497D;
            mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"> </span><span
            style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
            Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New
            Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
            style="font-size:10.0pt;
            font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New
            Roman";color:#1F497D;
            mso-ansi-language:EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
            style="font-size:10.0pt;
            font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New
            Roman";mso-ansi-language:
            EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><b
            style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:
            normal"><span
              style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
              font-family:Arial;color:#1F497D;mso-ansi-language:FR-CH"
              lang="FR-CH">The latest from Diplo:</span></b><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;
            color:#1F497D;mso-ansi-language:FR-CH" lang="FR-CH"> </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial"
            lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/currently">today
              – this week – this
              month</a> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span
                style="color:red">l</span></b>
            <a href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/conferences/innovation">Conference
              on
              Innovation in Diplomacy (Malta, 19-20 November 2012)</a> <b
              style="mso-bidi-font-weight:
              normal"><span style="color:red">l</span> </b><a
              href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/courses">new online courses</a></span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
            color:black" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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