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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#1F497D">Riaz,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#1F497D">Like Parminder, you’ve overused this charge of “American exceptionalism,” to the point where it reflects more on you than on the target. Indeed if you, like Parminder,
apply it to me it shows that you are completely ignorant of my writings on the subject or that you are simply hurling a blanket epithet at whoever is standing around, whenever they disagree. So, no point in discussing further.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext"> governance-request@lists.igcaucus.org [mailto:governance-request@lists.igcaucus.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Riaz K Tayob<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, December 05, 2012 4:06 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> governance@lists.igcaucus.org; Dominique Lacroix<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [governance] Hmmmm... Google: "Internet Freedom!"... (from taxes?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Frankly I am not sure what kind of institutionalist Milton is. This is not the Alexander Hamilton, Daniel Rayomond, Richard Ely, E Pershine Smith, Frederich List and JK Galbraith, who all had a keen head for
facts and history. <br>
<br>
Britain used free trade ideas as a means to maintain its dominance over other nations. The workshop of the world that encouraged everyone to liberalise, that free trade (and then classical economics) was best. And in the Pax (?) Americana, neoclassical economics
(in infinite disguises) and the Washington Consensus serves the same function. <br>
<br>
Now I have no truck disagreeing with Mueller on economics - these approaches differ in method as well as context, so there is room for disagreement. But on the politics of the matter (sorry Milton, for some Institutionalists if it is relevant then it must be
included in the "calculation") Milton, with what I surmise from his Institutionalism - not having read all his work, is no different from American Exceptionalists on this list. Of course I am aware that in the American context(where what passes for progressive
is quit different, this may well be the case. It simply cannot be generalised.<br>
<br>
And in the "competition" through subsidised efforts Europe builds capabilities - both the tech no-(harware) and -ology (its people). One of the key elements of benefiting from a network is that skills can be diffused. Consumption of technology rich goods is
not the same as producing them. Actually in a reverse sort of way the status quoists (exceptionalists, Institutionalists of a special type, neoliberals, etc) seek to maintain the US dominance by playing to that nations comparative advantage - also in institutions
like ICANN and the posse that goes with it. <br>
<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 2012/12/05 10:25 PM, Dominique Lacroix wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Le 05/12/12 20:26, Milton L Mueller a écrit :<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">"Frankly", development of the TCP/IP protocols were supported by military research contracts, which had no intention of supporting a commercial industry. "The
Internet" spread to the general population and succeeded because of telecommunications liberalization and a free market.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt">Dear Milton, you seem a little dizzy. You skipped merrily the NSF action in the 1981-1995 years...<br>
And then, also, the CIA action, via the In-Q-Tel venture capital firm, launched in 1999.<br>
And also the military orders in the advanced IT field.<br>
Perhaps I forget something. I'm also a bit dizzy...<br>
<br>
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">The government played an important role in facilitating that process by privatizing control and paving the way for competition among ISPs. There is no doubt
about that. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt">Exact.</span> <span style="font-size:18.0pt">
And not enough: Google should be prosecuted for dominance abuse.</span><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">While we are being frank, perhaps you can tell me how successful European efforts to subsidize search engine technology to compete with Google has been?
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:18.0pt">I assume you already heard about the networks effect that gives an advantage to the first big player.<br>
That's exactly why China and other countries protect their boundaries in order to help their IT industry to find existence.</span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:18.0pt">Do you think that Europe also ought to close their virtual boundaries?<br>
<br>
@+, Dom</span><br>
<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt">Please frankly, Milton, did internet begin in the US by free market or by the US Gov action?<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
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