<html><head></head><body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><div>Jovan but even on the situation you describe, Ecuador can work with another country to represent their interest with UK so Assange is under new diplomatic umbrella.</div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.296875); -webkit-composition-fill-color: rgba(175, 192, 227, 0.230469); -webkit-composition-frame-color: rgba(77, 128, 180, 0.230469); ">Ecuador gov hopes that situation you describe does not occur but is ready to take action with other country Representing their interest if happen</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.292969); -webkit-composition-fill-color: rgba(175, 192, 227, 0.230469); -webkit-composition-frame-color: rgba(77, 128, 180, 0.230469);"><br></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.292969); -webkit-composition-fill-color: rgba(175, 192, 227, 0.230469); -webkit-composition-frame-color: rgba(77, 128, 180, 0.230469);">Carlos Vera<br></span><br>Enviado desde mi iPhone</div><div><br>El 20/08/2012, a las 9:57, Jovan Kurbalija <<a href="mailto:jovank@diplomacy.edu">jovank@diplomacy.edu</a>> escribió:<br><br></div><div><span></span></div><blockquote type="cite"><div>
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<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria">Hi
Mawaki,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria">Here
is
an attempt to answer your question on the international legality
of the 1987
Act in three ways: Twitter, e-mail and blog post. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria">The
short
answer – Twitter – is <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">that
<a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1987/46">the 1987
UK Diplomatic and
Consular Premises Act</a> is in accordance with
international law</i> (the 1961
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations - VCDR and
international customary law). <o:p><br>
</o:p>A bit
longer answer for this e-mail should rely on the sequence in
establishing
diplomatic relations between states with three important
moments:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria">-
First,
states have to recognise each other. <o:p></o:p><br>
- Second,
after recognition, states establish diplomatic relations. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria">-
Third,
after two states establish diplomatic relations, they can open
diplomatic missions.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:.1pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:.1pt;margin-left:0in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Cambria"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Here is how this sequence
can apply to the
Assange asylum case: <o:p><br>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><br>
</o:p>The UK can sever diplomatic relations
unilaterally. Diplomatic relations are concluded by mutual
consent (Article 2
of VCDR). If consent is withdrawn, diplomatic relations cease to
exist. <o:p><br>
</o:p>After severing diplomatic relations, the UK
would require Ecuador to close its embassy in London, and
Ecuadorian diplomats
to leave the territory of the United Kingdom within a reasonable
time. ‘Reasonable
time’ is not specified, but it usually takes between 7 days (in
the case of the
closure of the Libyan mission in London in 1984) and one month.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>On this point Assange
would remain alone
in the Ecuadorian embassy. The VDRC does not specify how long
the premises of
the mission mission should preserve diplomatic status (remain
inviolable). <o:p></o:p><br>
Most of the practice in diplomatic law provides
the ‘reasonable time’ needed to protect and move the mission’s
archives and
property. The 1987 Act codifies this practice and specifies how
to deal with
this lacuna in the VCDR (time for closing the mission). <o:p><br>
</o:p>Once the premises are no longer inviolable,
the UK can enter the premises of the Embassy and arrest Assange
if he is still
there. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">It is very difficult to
envisage a scenario
in which the UK police could enter the Ecuadorian embassy
without following the above described sequence – starting with
the severing of diplomatic relations with
Ecuador. Any other action would be a serious blow to the modern
diplomatic
system exposing – among others – the UK diplomatic missions
worldwide, to high
risks. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><br>
</o:p>While the UK has a legal basis for an
action against the Ecuadorian embassy, its initiative could turn
into a real diplomatic
fiasco. It is surprising that UK diplomacy did not take into
account the strong
attachment of Latin American countries to the right of
diplomatic asylum.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Even
in the case of political conflicts
among themselves, Latin American countries have supported
diplomatic asylum. It
is a well-established regional customary law, codified in a few
conventions,
including<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CEQQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iidh.ed.cr%2FBibliotecaWeb%2FVarios%2FDocumentos%2FBD_1051382564%2FB.2.1.DOC%3Furl%3D%2FBibliotecaWeb%2FVarios%2FDocumentos%2FBD_1051382564%2FB.2.1.DOC&ei=JgExUPWEAcjU4QT28oCwDg&usg=AFQjCNEHWkWD8hItVeTFQtdXbZSHUj31ag">1928
–
Havana</a>, <a href="http://www.oas.org/juridico/english/treaties/a-37.html">1933
–
Montevideo</a>, <a href="http://www.oas.org/juridico/english/treaties/a-46.html">1954
– Caracas</a>.
The right of asylum is also granted by Article 27 of <a href="http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/oasinstr/zoas2dec.htm">the
1948 American
Declaration on Human Rights</a>. <o:p><br>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><br>
</o:p>By accelerating the Assange asylum case,
the UK – to use a football metaphor – put the ball into penalty
and asked President
Correa to strike without a goal-keeper. He could not miss such a
chance. In a
few days, President Correa will gather all LA ministers of
foreign affairs as a
symbol of unity against the UK action. Given his political
situation, it is an
unexpected and welcome gift.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The Assange asylum case,
like other similar
cases, is likely to be solved through negotiations that will
provide the UK
with a face-saving exit strategy. Might the Swedish authorities
be persuaded to
conduct the hearing ‘remotely’? If negotiations fail, Assange is
likely to be
long-term tenant of the Ecuadorian embassy in London. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> <br>
You can also see two texts with </o:p><a href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/blog/international-law-and-assange-asylum-case">more
detailed legal elaboration of this e-mail</a> and <a href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/blog/frequently-asked-questions-about-diplomatic-asylum">FAQs
about
diplomatic asylum</a>. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><br>
I hope it will help in clarifying, at least, legal aspect of
this complex case. <br>
<br>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">As ever, Jovan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<div class="moz-cite-prefix"><br>
On 8/19/12 4:26 AM, Mawaki Chango wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:CACTo+v9K_+ux1iBO-M2vrO2CS7WM3XCm3icqgfNAaji3Mm=rrQ@mail.gmail.com" type="cite">
<pre wrap="">Two things:
1. Has anyone looked into or analyzed what the ground is in that
Diplomatic and Consular Premises Act of 1987 on which the UK
authorities are basing their argument and decision? and how is that
act supposed to relate to the Vienna Convention of 1961? Maybe there
is some defect in the conditions/circumstance that surrounded the
attribution of those premises or building to the Ecuador? I mean, what
could possibly be the legally defensible basis from a domestic law
that came about more than a quarter century after an international
convention to which the concerned country was signatory - while nobody
seems to have known that that law meant for the said country an
amendment or a notable qualification to some significant provisions of
the convention?
2. It might be a little too late for anyone to be able to disentangle
possible political motivations from these legal procedures (in UK and
Sweden). The party that appears the most obscure to me in terms of
their true motivation and intent is the Swedish judiciary,
surprisingly. To my recollection, the charges of sexual misconduct
were dropped at some point and a while thereafter they were taken up
again by another (higher?) level of the judiciary in Sweden. I have
never come across any credible account as to why that was so, and I
was surprised at the time I couldn't hear much about (at least not any
substantial investigation of) that question in the US-based cable news
as I tried to find an explanation. Adding to that the questions raised
above by Norbert and also emphasized by Ginger... Furthermore, I too
(as Carlos Vera) remember that it was mentioned in the news reports
that the substance of the sexual charges - or at least the allegations
- revolved around Assange not using a protection during those
encounters, etc. I am not sure whether - indeed, I did not hear that -
the presumed victims have alleged any physical coercion to that effect
or whether those news reports were accurate as to the exact or
official content of the charges, if any. The fact is, it is already
difficult enough to get to the bottom of allegations of rape without
third party witness and without evidence of violence, but now you have
some hot political concoction surrounding it...
Troubling.
Mawaki
On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 7:58 PM, Carlos Vera Quintana <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:cveraq@gmail.com"><cveraq@gmail.com></a> wrote:
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">Ecuadorian gov. Express to Mr Assange he is welcome to Ecuador from the
begining of rhis affair. If he only would listen from that time this
political advise...
Carlos Vera
Enviado desde mi iPhone
El 18/08/2012, a las 18:26, Ginger Paque <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:ginger@paque.net"><ginger@paque.net></a> escribió:
A very important point is stated at
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11949341">http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11949341</a>
This would appear to make the extradition unnecessary.
This doesn't mean that the sexual misconduct charges should not be
investigated (whatever they actually are: I don't know).
18 November 2010
Stockholm District Court approves a request to detain Mr Assange for
questioning on suspicion of rape, sexual molestation and unlawful c</pre></blockquote></blockquote></div><div><span>____________________________________________________________</span><br><span>You received this message as a subscriber on the list:</span><br><span> <a href="mailto:governance@lists.igcaucus.org">governance@lists.igcaucus.org</a></span><br><span>To be removed from the list, visit:</span><br><span> <a href="http://www.igcaucus.org/unsubscribing">http://www.igcaucus.org/unsubscribing</a></span><br><span></span><br><span>For all other list information and functions, see:</span><br><span> <a href="http://lists.igcaucus.org/info/governance">http://lists.igcaucus.org/info/governance</a></span><br><span>To edit your profile and to find the IGC's charter, see:</span><br><span> <a href="http://www.igcaucus.org/">http://www.igcaucus.org/</a></span><br><span></span><br><span>Translate this email: <a href="http://translate.google.com/translate_t">http://translate.google.com/translate_t</a></span><br></div></blockquote></body></html>