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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On Sunday 19 August 2012 10:02 AM,
Milton L Mueller wrote:<br>
</div>
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cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">
parminder [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:parminder@itforchange.net">mailto:parminder@itforchange.net</a>]
<br>
<br>
</span><span
style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">Neither,
the rhetoric of attacking positions that make you feel
good, which positions you know I never hold; like, your
claim that I am on the side of '</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">people
who want to control and regulate the use of common word in
order to ensure that they are used "properly" or "fairly""<br>
<br>
</span><span
style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">When,</span>
if I am saying anything at all, I am saying that common
words should be allowed to be freely used by all, and not
inappropriately pushed into private domains, which is a
form of 'control' over the use of those 'common words'. <span
style="color:#1F497D"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D">[Milton L Mueller] Nice
rhetoric, but you are really ducking the argument. I
honestly think you don’t understand the issue here, </span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
:) Typical 'Milton start' of an argument, which I will ignore. But
you obviously think, I, US Congress's judicial committees, etc, no
one really understand it, other than you ....<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D">so let me try to explain more
carefully. A TLD string must be unique. Therefore it
can only be assigned to one entity.</span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
Of course. This fact says nothing about the issue being discussed
here - to whom is it assigned and why, and what all needs to be
assigned at all, etc, of course in public interest, a term I think
you have strongly contested in terms of ICANN's working/ decision
making processes.<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"> That entity, the registrant
of, let’s say, .WORD, decides what policies and
practices determine what domains are registered under
.WORD.</span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
We have jumped the issue of how someone comes to be the registry and
the registrant. While we will need to come back to that, isnt it
true that there are existing constraints on registries and
registrants regarding policies and practices under which domains are
registered..... It is common to place such required restrictions in
all sectors where licenses are issued for exclusive commercial use
of public resources, and gltd names are such public resources
allowed to be commercially exploited under licence, in a manner that
serves public interest. <br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D">Tell me how you translate the
idea that “common words (as domain names) should be
allowed to be freely used by all” into a specific
policy without violating the uniqueness and
exclusivity constraint? </span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
I have said this before. The main thing to do is; ensure that all
gtlds are openly available in the market for anyone to register
second level domains names under them. Secondarily, in some cases,
it must also be watched what names are allocated to who..... Now,
arent community names already a valid exclusion/ objection, and thus
excluded from being awarded to just anyone, as you seem to want to
be the universal rule..... One cant take .germany on a first come
first served basis. Isnt it... are you against such exclusions
too...<br>
<br>
Further there may be terms that are not specifically community names
but has certain association with certain, shall i say, groups....
like, I do think gtld names like .cricket, .football etc may need to
have certain offline organisational correspondences. <br>
<br>
Now,, .book, .beauty, etc may not be have specific communities
around them, but there are strong cultural associations associated
with them, that may, just may, need some consideration, even for
them to be 'public gtlds'.. I am not wholly against they being
allowed as open public gltds (as against private gtlds which the
buyer can keep for exclusive private use) but some of these cases
may need some thinking. But certainly they should not be allowed as
private gtlds, as being allowed under the current process....<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D">“Internet governance” is a
generic term, and yet, <horrors> we at IGP have
registered it under .org. And no, it cannot be freely
used by all. It’s ours. It is a domain administered by
IGP, just as ‘IT’ and ‘change’ are common words that
your organization administers as its private domain.
Our registration of that generic term Internet
governance has not stopped dozens of other
organizations having a significant profile in the area
– Diplo, IGC, etc. </span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
Milton, you are speaking like a techie, for whom it is either this,
or 'only' that..... Socio-political thinking and practices do not
come in such binaries... And you as a socio-political theorist know
it, but dont mind employing such technical binaries when they serve
your 'minimalist governance' agenda.... Your entire argument here
rests on the assumption that there is *no* practical difference
between gltd names and second level domain names, when everyone
knows that there is a world of difference between them. Yes, as
being tied to a unitary technical architecture (although Louis
Pouzin disagrees with even that), we are forced to make some
choices, and allow some exclusivities, even when they are not
fair... like someone setting a new IT start up may like the name IT
for Change, and also the particular gtld .net but cant get it...<br>
<br>
However, isnt a multiplicity of gtlds (and more are proposed)
precisely there to solve such a problem, or at least meliorate it.
But, and you must answer this question, how does the issue of
exclusivity implied for instance in a private gtld of .book get
addressed, their being no higher level of domain name to provide
competing field? <br>
<br>
Unlike in mathematics, in politics, one small 'inconsistency' cannot
be projected to the whole system level, with the claim if we have
'that' we as well may accept a fully screwed up system.... Politics
is the art of the possible, carefully putting together imperfect
parts into the best possible overall lot, or somewhere close about.<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D">The only way to implement
what you seem to be calling for is to set up a “word
authority” that a) defines which words will be generic
or common enough to be denied registration by any
private actor; b) imposes on these generic terms a
specific set of policies regarding how registrations
are made.</span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
Well, in the other similar situation where exclusive uses of words
is implicated, dont we have such authorities, the rhetoric of 'word
authority' apart... and no one has objected, including yourself, as
far as i know. Try registering a trade mark and you will know what
all gets, to quote your word, 'denied registration by any private
actor'. So you think such denials are wrong. I think they are mostly
in public interest. <br>
<br>
Now, if you can show that such 'denials' by trademark (TM)
authorities are wrong, and unwarranted, which situation I consider
as very close parallel of allocating gtld names, I will withdraw my
case against private gtlds with generic names. <br>
<br>
Making the parallel in the reverse direction, do you really think
that TM authorities should be allocating all kinds of trademarks to
anyone who applies 'on first come first served' basis (your
proposition for allocating all kinds of gtlds), and allow hoarders
to develop a secondary market in TM names (your preferred choice for
all kinds of scarce public resources like IPv4 addresses).... Looks
like a whole new paradigm of trademark regime... why not propose it
to the world....<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"> And that is what I mean when
I say – with complete sincerity – that you will end up
advocating the control and regulation of these common
words. </span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
You tell me, do the policies whereby TM authorities 'deny'
indiscriminate registration of all kinds of words as TMs, cause
control over use of common words, or prevent control over use of
common words... Same is true with denying gtld names that must be
denied in public interest. Do you think such denials by TM
authorities constitute violation of FoE (an argument which I know
would jump up any moment)<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D">Suppose your Word Authority
dictates that .BOOK must follow the same open
registration policy as now exists in .COM. Would that
be “freely used by all?”</span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
As in socio-political situations there are no absolute binaries, so,
yes, it will greatly increase such freedom.... we can pursue such
matters only in degrees. Anyone can register a second level domain
under .book, and it doesnt remain the exclusive preserve of Amazon,
which is what is going to be if the present process goes forward. <br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"> No, even then, “open to all”
will simply mean that second level domains will be
registered on a first-come, first-served basis..COM
and .ORG are open to any registrant, but that simply
means that if I register BOOK.COM or BOOK.ORG, I get
to have this common word all to myself at the second
level. So to get what you seem to want, you would have
to impose an even more stringent collective governance
regime on how names are allocated and assigned within
.BOOK. </span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
Same binary logic.... It is the right thing that when second level
domains are registered, which is what ordinary people and businesses
do, and do in millions, anyone can more or less take any name, on
first come first served basis..... Gltds are a very different ball
game, although you want to keep equating logic across these levels.
'Private gtlds' are sought by a few, extremely big business, in fact
near monopolies, whose rights to various kinds of second level
domain names are already protected (also, additionally protected by
ICANN IP related policies). What is the case for some of them to
have whole gtlds to themselves... Whose freedom of expression are we
really talking about here? For each private gtld taken by them, and
its use kept from others, they substantially effect the rights of
others to have domain names that they will like to have.... Is this
not a simple and obvious logic... <br>
<br>
On what basis, Milton, are you promoting the cause of some big
businesses sitting over exclusive use of complete gtlds, using words
that are common heritage, even without any trademark claim to such
words? <br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D">If that is not correct please
explain, in specific, implementable terms, how you
would do it differently.</span></i></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
I have explained it above, in full implementable terms. But the
first thing is, ICANN has to come out of its schizophrenia whether
it does policy or not, it is a regulator or not.... It is just too
confused about it, which, I think, is a major problem with it... It
should admit that it makes political choices (policy) and enforces
them (regulation). This denial and schizophrenia is a serious
problem for a governance institutions, who is not able to decide
what kind of governance work it does.... If such a thing were with
an individual, he would be undergoing serious psychiatric treatment.
<br>
<br>
BTW, Milton, what have you to say about whether ICANN does policy
and regulation or not? <br>
<br>
parminder<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:855077AC3D7A7147A7570370CA01ECD21E7506@SUEX10-mbx-10.ad.syr.edu"
type="cite">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in
0in 0in 4.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"> <o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Even more ludicrous is your claim that "<span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">It
is only a matter of time before you join the trademark
lobby in their never ending quest</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"></span><span
style="font-size:7.0pt;color:#1F497D"> </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">to
ensure that politically approved true rights holders are
allowed to use specific words in specific ways "</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D">[Milton L Mueller] OK, I
admit it, you will never “join the trademark lobby”,
but only because you would never be caught dead with
those corporate, commercial types. My point however,
is that your argument takes the exact same form and
leads to the same kinds of policies: some central
authority has to control who registers every name.</span></i></b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:5.25pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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