It seems to me the either we're gender imbalanced or this is a female problem. Do none of the male members of this group ever have remote participation difficulties, or, and better, hold RP dear to their hearts?<div>Deirdre<br>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On 24 February 2012 19:36, Avri Doria <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:avri@ella.com">avri@ella.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Hi,<br>
<br>
I agree with what has been said in this thread by the past few writers.<br>
<br>
I used to not beleive in having a Remote only meeting, but now I think I do.<br>
I tried to participate in meetings remotely and found it to be a near total failure. I am live in a bandwidth rich zone.<br>
<br>
Plus even when it works technically it does not work in a practical sense unless the chair, the secretariat, the remote moderator and the other participants actually make a concerted allowance for it. And I do not think I have ever seen in a case where everyone was making allowance.<br>
<br>
The best it ever was, was when the RCWG was doing all the work, and they really had to work hard to make it even resemble particpation.<br>
<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
avri<br>
</font></span><div class="HOEnZb"><div class="h5"><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
On 24 Feb 2012, at 18:20, Deirdre Williams wrote:<br>
<br>
> I also support what Ginger and Marilia and Anriette are saying.<br>
> What I could possibly want more is a system that works rather than an intention on paper. I hope this is not too blunt but sometimes I feel that 'people' are saying "remote participation is a good thing", and then just stopping there. An excellent ploy might be to have just one meeting remote access only - so that everyone knows how the other side lives.<br>
> And I think that we all need to fight for it to make it 'really real'. Yes there will be breakdowns - electrical and otherwise - and yes we're only just scratching the surface of the language difficulties, but if we believe in it we can really make it happen.<br>
> Only we have to believe in it and support it - all of us.<br>
> Deirdre<br>
><br>
> On 24 February 2012 19:04, Anriette Esterhuysen <<a href="mailto:anriette@apc.org">anriette@apc.org</a>> wrote:<br>
> Hi all..at two of the workshops I was involved in in Nairobi RM did not<br>
> work.. either not at all, or partially. IN the last few months I have<br>
> had bad experiences in trying to be a remote participant in Geneva based<br>
> meetings. When my slow connection speed from South Africa interfered<br>
> with my access to the meeting I was blamed for this.. and told that<br>
> other people had no problems (they happened to be in Paris and Rio..<br>
> places with much faster internet than what I have access to).<br>
><br>
> As for the MAG meetings last week.. I personally spoke to IGF<br>
> secretariat about the difficulties that remote participants were having<br>
> in the morning. There was no improvement because the person responsible<br>
> was having to take notes that were displayed from his PC onto the<br>
> screen. I raised the concerns on the last day directly, during lunch,<br>
> with the Chair from Azerbaidjan and with the Chair and then there was a<br>
> response.<br>
><br>
> But, if RM was taken seriously enough then more resoures would have been<br>
> made available. I am not blaming the secretariat.. they were stretched<br>
> and doing the best they can. The problem is deeper than just this one<br>
> incident.<br>
><br>
> I strongly support Ginger's points, and Marilia's additions. RM has to<br>
> be taken MUCH more seriously if it is going to be a serious way for<br>
> people to participate, and influence processes, without being physically<br>
> present.<br>
><br>
> RM is beginning to feel like MSP (Multi-stakeholder participation). The<br>
> fact that it 'exists' is used to give credibility to processes that<br>
> still have a very long way to go in being really inclusive. If RM is to<br>
> be taken seriously it needs more focus and more budget. As long as RM is<br>
> seen primarily as a way to 'save money and look good' it will not be<br>
> effective as an alternative to having generally excluded actors<br>
> physically present at meetings.<br>
><br>
> Anriette<br>
><br>
><br>
> On 24/02/12 22:00, Marilia Maciel wrote:<br>
> > I support Ginger's e-mail, so I will not repeat her arguments.<br>
> ><br>
> > There is only one additional point I would like to make in response to<br>
> > Adam, when he quoted what the Chair's report said about remote<br>
> > participation. While it is totally understandable that people who happen<br>
> > to be working for the IGF will come up with positive results and be<br>
> > inclined to see the bright side of things, I believe that civil society<br>
> > is expected to present more meaningful, in-depth and constructive<br>
> > analysis of the process, including of remote participation.<br>
> ><br>
> > The difficulties remote participants faced went beyond a simple power<br>
> > shortage on the last day of the IGF, as you implied. Technical and human<br>
> > resources were not sufficient. This is exemplified by: simple audio<br>
> > adjustments that technicians did not know how to perform, or by the fact<br>
> > that the hired staff of remote moderators you mentioned were on strike<br>
> > on the first day of the IGF because they were not receiving enough money<br>
> > to cover for basic expenses at the venue, or even by the fact that some<br>
> > workshop organizers, despite all the requests from the secretariat, did<br>
> > not bother to reply if they had a moderator or not.<br>
> ><br>
> > So the fact that remote participation is a priority on IGF papers, as<br>
> > you pointed out, says little. You asked Deidre "what she could possibly<br>
> > want more". If you read Ginger's e-mail you will find a list of wishes.<br>
> > And if the community thinks RP is important (and I think that the<br>
> > increasing interest for remote participation confirms it is ), then we<br>
> > should make a collective effort to take the opportunity of the process<br>
> > of discussing the implementation of IGF improvements to give RP a big push.<br>
> ><br>
> > Marília<br>
> ><br>
> ><br>
> > On Thu, Feb 23, 2012 at 8:47 AM, Ginger Paque <<a href="mailto:gpaque@gmail.com">gpaque@gmail.com</a><br>
> > <mailto:<a href="mailto:gpaque@gmail.com">gpaque@gmail.com</a>>> wrote:<br>
> ><br>
> > Adam said:<br>
> ><br>
> > I think it's petty to complain about technical problems with the<br>
> > transcripts etc from the MAG meeting, bad connections happen all the<br>
> > time (and if MAG members can't work out how to tell a group of people<br>
> > they are having problems with a connection it perhaps says more about<br>
> > them than it does about the secretariat/moderators.)<br>
> ><br>
> > I think that this full discussion and support for RP is very<br>
> > important and exciting.<br>
> ><br>
> > I think that using the occasion of the recent meetings as an example<br>
> > and illustration is a mistake. I agree with Adam that the tech<br>
> > glitches during last week's meetings should not even be<br>
> > addressed--these are obvious. Placing emphasis on tech details draws<br>
> > attention from the more valid, and more important principles. I know<br>
> > I am repeating myself, but I think they boil down to just one:<br>
> ><br>
> > RP must be institutionalized in meeting processes.<br>
> ><br>
> > The only serious problem I see with last week's meetings was the<br>
> > lack of a remote moderator and clear processes. If RP -- and I mean<br>
> > remote participation and remote engagement, not remote observation<br>
> > -- were an automatic, standard part of meeting strategies and<br>
> > processes, the inclusion of an onsite remote moderator would have<br>
> > been a given, as much as the presence of the traditional chair and<br>
> > moderator. I dare to say that if one of the members of the RPWG had<br>
> > been at the meetings, they might have 'requested' to be 'allowed' to<br>
> > act as remote moderator. Remote moderation and remote participation<br>
> > should not depend on collaboration of volunteers and serendipity.<br>
> > Implementation of RP may always need the collaboration of<br>
> > volunteers, and the RPWG exists as a volunteer organization, seeking<br>
> > the privilege of collaborating, but the planning process should<br>
> > originate in the IGF structure itself, not in the action of volunteers.<br>
> ><br>
> > If RP were institutionalized in the IGF process, the Secretariat<br>
> > might ask the RPWG for collaboration, and issue a call for volunteers.<br>
> ><br>
> > If RP were institutionalized in the IGF process, the Secretariat<br>
> > might include a RPWG (or other mechanism) liaison for strategy,<br>
> > planning and process and instead of an endless series of ad hoc<br>
> > situations.<br>
> ><br>
> > If RP were institutionalized, Remote Hubs -- an innovation of the<br>
> > RPWG catalysed by Marilia's energy and organization -- would become<br>
> > part of the IGF process, not the RPWG process, would include remote<br>
> > hubs whenever appropriate and would include support for regional IGFs.<br>
> ><br>
> > I would prefer to see a strong, clear, short statement asking that<br>
> > RP be institutionalised (maybe that is not the appropriate word) as<br>
> > an integral part of the IGF meeting process.<br>
> ><br>
> > Establishing principles and guidelines is separate process which has<br>
> > been started, and should be coordinated to take advantage of, and<br>
> > include the different input. It should not be done in a hurry, in<br>
> > response to one frustrating meeting. Nor should one frustrating<br>
> > meeting opaque the progress the IGF has made toward inclusive RP. We<br>
> > should use this meeting to energize forward progress in an orderly<br>
> > manner. Can we form a better strategy and focus for productive<br>
> > results? I think so. I have not made comments on the existing<br>
> > statement, because I would re-write it completely, with a different<br>
> > approach, with points I have made above.<br>
> ><br>
> > Is it proper/possible for me to propose an alternate text? I do not<br>
> > have the sense that there is consensus for the posts I have made<br>
> > previously, so I have not done so.<br>
> ><br>
> > Anyway, again, my 2 cents. Cheers for the energy around remote<br>
> > participation!<br>
> ><br>
> > Ginger<br>
> ><br>
> ><br>
> ><br>
> > Ginger (Virginia) Paque<br>
> ><br>
> > <a href="mailto:VirginiaP@diplomacy.edu">VirginiaP@diplomacy.edu</a> <mailto:<a href="mailto:VirginiaP@diplomacy.edu">VirginiaP@diplomacy.edu</a>><br>
> > Diplo Foundation<br>
> ><br>
> > Internet Governance Capacity Building Programme<br>
> > <a href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/ig" target="_blank">www.diplomacy.edu/ig</a> <<a href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/ig" target="_blank">http://www.diplomacy.edu/ig</a>><br>
> > /The latest from Diplo..../From the fundamentals of diplomacy to the<br>
> > most exciting new trends: check our three online courses starting in<br>
> > May 2012: *Bilateral Diplomacy*, *Diplomacy of Small States*, and<br>
> > *E-diplomacy*. Apply now to reserve your place:<br>
> > <a href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/courses*//*" target="_blank">http://www.diplomacy.edu/courses*//*</a><br>
> ><br>
> ><br>
> ><br>
> > On 23 February 2012 05:13, Adam Peake <<a href="mailto:ajp@glocom.ac.jp">ajp@glocom.ac.jp</a><br>
> > <mailto:<a href="mailto:ajp@glocom.ac.jp">ajp@glocom.ac.jp</a>>> wrote:<br>
> ><br>
> > Comment below:<br>
> ><br>
> > On Thu, Feb 23, 2012 at 6:33 PM, Salanieta T. Tamanikaiwaimaro<br>
> > <<a href="mailto:salanieta.tamanikaiwaimaro@gmail.com">salanieta.tamanikaiwaimaro@gmail.com</a><br>
> > <mailto:<a href="mailto:salanieta.tamanikaiwaimaro@gmail.com">salanieta.tamanikaiwaimaro@gmail.com</a>>> wrote:<br>
> > > Dear All,<br>
> > ><br>
> > > Firstly thank you Deirdre for copying it onto word and making<br>
> > it much easier<br>
> > > to incorporate the new feedback that we received from Schombe,<br>
> > Jovan,<br>
> > > Anriette, Jeremy, Roland, Mariela etc.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > Whilst I am copying the text onto this email, I will also<br>
> > place it on the<br>
> > > Statement Workspace as well:<br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > > STATEMENT BY THE CIVIL SOCIETY INTERNET GOVERNANCE CAUCUS ON<br>
> > REMOTE<br>
> > > PARTICIPATION<br>
> > ><br>
> > > We would like to acknowledge the excellent work that the<br>
> > Internet Governance<br>
> > > Forum Remote Participation Working Group have been doing over<br>
> > the last five<br>
> > > years. We appreciate the numerous hours of sacrifice and work<br>
> > behind the<br>
> > > scenes to build remote participation to what it is today. We<br>
> > have seen how<br>
> > > whilst Technology is important, that it goes hand in hand with<br>
> > extraordinary<br>
> > > levels of sacrifice and commitment. It is this commitment<br>
> > that enables the<br>
> > > spirit of the IGF which is in sharing, dialogue, collaboration and<br>
> > > ultimately access.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > We are fortunate that the Internet Governance Forum<br>
> > Secretariat and UN DESA<br>
> > > are open .and committed to continued improvements to Remote<br>
> > Participation.<br>
> > > Each year the IGF RPWG commences its operations with training<br>
> > of remote<br>
> > > moderators many weeks ahead of the meeting, where they discuss<br>
> > with remote<br>
> > > hubs and encourage participation and liaise with the<br>
> > Secretariat to make<br>
> > > remote participation a reality.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > We would like to reiterate and underscore that remote<br>
> > participation is a<br>
> > > crucial part of organizing the Internet Governance Forum (IGF)<br>
> > and we<br>
> > > appreciate the effort to provide remote participation for the Open<br>
> > > Consultation, the Multi-stakeholder Advisory Group (MAG)<br>
> > meetings, and the<br>
> > > MAG meeting this month – February 2012 – which was opened to<br>
> > observers.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > The IGC believes that Remote Participation (RP) should be an<br>
> > integral part<br>
> > > of Internet Governance and IGF Policy Processes. It is<br>
> > impossible to sustain<br>
> > > an inclusive global policy process without effective remote<br>
> > participation.<br>
> > > We would like to explore how we can assist in working together<br>
> > to address<br>
> > > the issues raised in 2008 by various stakeholders that have<br>
> > yet to be<br>
> > > addressed[1].<br>
> > ><br>
> > > The MAG and IGF Secretariats should start working with the<br>
> > host to ensure<br>
> > > that real time transcriptions are available for all sessions<br>
> > and not just<br>
> > > the Main Sessions.<br>
> > ><br>
> ><br>
> > from the Nairobi chair's summary document:<br>
> ><br>
> > "The entire meeting was Webcast, with video streaming provided from<br>
> > the main session room and audio streaming provided from all workshop<br>
> > meeting rooms. All the main sessions and workshops had real time<br>
> > transcription. The text transcripts and video of all meetings were<br>
> > made available through the IGF Website."<br>
> ><br>
> > I think it's petty to complain about technical problems with the<br>
> > transcripts etc from the MAG meeting, bad connections happen all the<br>
> > time (and if MAG members can't work out how to tell a group of<br>
> > people<br>
> > they are having problems with a connection it perhaps says more<br>
> > about<br>
> > them than it does about the secretariat/moderators.)<br>
> ><br>
> > Thanks,<br>
> ><br>
> > Adam<br>
> ><br>
> ><br>
> > > We would like to commend the excellent work of the technical<br>
> > team from<br>
> > > Politecnico di Torino, (The Polytechnic University of Turin)<br>
> > which was<br>
> > > originally brought by our colleague and former IGC Civil<br>
> > Society Coordinator<br>
> > > Vittorio Bertola.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > However, we would like to point out some difficulties that<br>
> > occurred with the<br>
> > > system during the open MAG meeting. On the third day, morning<br>
> > session, (the<br>
> > > second day of the open MAG meeting), remote observers were<br>
> > effectively<br>
> > > excluded because they had no access to live transcript.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > Also MAG members trying to participate online had difficulty<br>
> > in contacting<br>
> > > moderators, partly because the moderators were serving more<br>
> > than one<br>
> > > function.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > We strongly urge MAG and IGF Secretariats and ourselves to<br>
> > consider the<br>
> > > following for the future IGF organizing work and the IGF<br>
> > itself, and work<br>
> > > together to bring them about:<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Ensuring equal participation between online and offline<br>
> > participants<br>
> > > through planning meetings to give online and offline<br>
> > participants an equal<br>
> > > opportunity to participate and contribute to meetings.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Ensuring that there is sufficient capacity and appropriate<br>
> > bandwidth to<br>
> > > sustain remote participation by liaising with hosts well in<br>
> > advance to<br>
> > > enable greater interactions from offline participants.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Preparing a clear comprehensive guideline for remote<br>
> > participation and<br>
> > > its moderation and post session or meeting reporting for<br>
> > meeting hosts,<br>
> > > facilitators and chairs.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Clearly advertising opportunities for RP in advance of all<br>
> > meetings,<br>
> > > with clear guidance for participants on the opportunities to<br>
> > engage through<br>
> > > RP that will be available.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > ·Always assigning exclusive remote participation<br>
> > coordinator/moderators (who<br>
> > > do not have other jobs at the same time, and are responsible for<br>
> > > interactions between the meeting’s physical<br>
> > participants/current speaker,<br>
> > > the Chair and the remote participants).<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Establishing a clear procedure that would encourage remote<br>
> > participants<br>
> > > to intervene. Such a system is desirable both for those<br>
> > physically present<br>
> > > in Geneva and those observing the meeting remotely.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Providing as much interactivity as possible by giving remote<br>
> > > participants to interact and engage in meetings.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Providing multiple methods – video, voice and text<br>
> > channel, as well as<br>
> > > real-time transcription and video streaming – of coverage of<br>
> > the meeting<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Enabling the meeting and remote participation through<br>
> > interactive<br>
> > > presentations access through RP.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Creating a select Task force or Working Group created that has<br>
> > > representatives from the Government, Private Sector and Civil<br>
> > Society that<br>
> > > is dedicated to seeing improvements of Remote<br>
> > Participation and to ensure<br>
> > > the incorporation of critical elements that have been<br>
> > highlighted to ensure<br>
> > > improved remote participation processes.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > Because only limited funds are available for face- to<br>
> > -face participation,<br>
> > > this issue is crucially important to all stakeholders from all<br>
> > > constituencies who are entitled to participate in the<br>
> > meetings, and who wish<br>
> > > to do so from a remote location. Meeting Chairs also play a<br>
> > central role in<br>
> > > creating a dynamic and inclusive environment that welcomes remote<br>
> > > participation.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > We also encourage greater partnership between the governments<br>
> > and private<br>
> > > sector in enhancing remote participation.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > We have to move beyond advocacy to listing and creating<br>
> > tangible outcomes to<br>
> > > make improved, stable and sustainable remote participation a<br>
> > reality.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > There are regions around the world where transportation is<br>
> > extremely<br>
> > > expensive and one such region is the Pacific which has 22<br>
> > countries and<br>
> > > territories. Remote participation was the only way that any of<br>
> > these<br>
> > > countries could access the IGF.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > However there is room to improve processes and create an IGF<br>
> > culture where<br>
> > > remote participation is prioritised through exploring tested<br>
> > methodology.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > The appropriate technical solutions need also to be explored<br>
> > as well<br>
> > > bandwidth and ensuring that there is uninterrupted power<br>
> > supply and<br>
> > > redundancy options where backup generators are critical to<br>
> > maintain a<br>
> > > consistent and seamless flow. The MAG and IGF Secretariats<br>
> > should also<br>
> > > ensure that there is sufficient and dedicated bandwidth<br>
> > capacity to sustain<br>
> > > the volume of traffic from remote participation.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > Aside from having the appropriate technical solutions and<br>
> > should also<br>
> > > include the following:-<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Outreach.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Mapping local and regional stakeholders;<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Coordinating with people on the ground significantly<br>
> > before the<br>
> > > IGF in a series of strategic roll out.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Creation of Guidelines for Meeting Chairs and<br>
> > Moderators whilst<br>
> > > noting the limitations.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Identifying how the private sector, civil society<br>
> > and governments<br>
> > > can be better involved in the remote hubs etc.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > · Encourage greater collaboration between the IGF RPWG<br>
> > and national,<br>
> > > sub regional and regional IGFs.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > We also express our support of the IGF RPWG which published<br>
> > guidelines and<br>
> > > recommendations for remote participation and IGF 2011 WS-67<br>
> > participants<br>
> > > prepared a draft of e-participation principles.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > Ends<br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > > ________________________________<br>
> > ><br>
> > > [1] <a href="http://wiki.igf-online.net/wiki/IGF_Virtual_Community" target="_blank">http://wiki.igf-online.net/wiki/IGF_Virtual_Community</a><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > > On Thu, Feb 23, 2012 at 1:02 PM, Deirdre Williams<br>
> > > <<a href="mailto:williams.deirdre@gmail.com">williams.deirdre@gmail.com</a><br>
> > <mailto:<a href="mailto:williams.deirdre@gmail.com">williams.deirdre@gmail.com</a>>> wrote:<br>
> > >><br>
> > >> Dear Sala,<br>
> > >> I have been unavoidably out of contact all day, and am just<br>
> > catching up<br>
> > >> with reading the messages.<br>
> > >> I am not clear which document you want me to send.<br>
> > >> I have attached a word copy of my response yesterday,<br>
> > although from<br>
> > >> reading the discussion that has perhaps been superseded<br>
> > during the<br>
> > >> discussions today?<br>
> > >> Please let me know as I would be delighted to help.<br>
> > >> De<br>
> > >><br>
> > >><br>
> > >> On 22 February 2012 14:15, Salanieta T. Tamanikaiwaimaro<br>
> > >> <<a href="mailto:salanieta.tamanikaiwaimaro@gmail.com">salanieta.tamanikaiwaimaro@gmail.com</a><br>
> > <mailto:<a href="mailto:salanieta.tamanikaiwaimaro@gmail.com">salanieta.tamanikaiwaimaro@gmail.com</a>>> wrote:<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> Dear Deirdre,<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> As you know our initial statement was used by the civil<br>
> > society component<br>
> > >>> of the CSTDWG as advised by Marilia.<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> If you could please send it in a word document that would be<br>
> > super<br>
> > >>> helpful and easy to put up on the Statement Workspace. We<br>
> > will also be<br>
> > >>> sending our Statement to the IGF Secretariat.<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> Kind Regards,<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> --<br>
> > >>> Salanieta Tamanikaiwaimaro aka Sala<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> Tweeter: @SalanietaT<br>
> > >>> Skype:Salanieta.Tamanikaiwaimaro<br>
> > >>> Cell: <a href="tel:%2B679%20998%202851" value="+6799982851">+679 998 2851</a> <tel:%2B679%20998%202851><br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>><br>
> > >><br>
> > >><br>
> > >><br>
> > >> --<br>
> > >> “The fundamental cure for poverty is not money but knowledge"<br>
> > Sir William<br>
> > >> Arthur Lewis, Nobel Prize Economics, 1979<br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
> > > --<br>
> > > Salanieta Tamanikaiwaimaro aka Sala<br>
> > ><br>
> > > Tweeter: @SalanietaT<br>
> > > Skype:Salanieta.Tamanikaiwaimaro<br>
> > > Cell: <a href="tel:%2B679%20998%202851" value="+6799982851">+679 998 2851</a> <tel:%2B679%20998%202851><br>
> > ><br>
> > ><br>
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> > ><br>
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> > --<br>
> > Centro de Tecnologia e Sociedade<br>
> > FGV Direito Rio<br>
> ><br>
> > Center for Technology and Society<br>
> > Getulio Vargas Foundation<br>
> > Rio de Janeiro - Brazil<br>
><br>
> --<br>
> ------------------------------------------------------<br>
> anriette esterhuysen <a href="mailto:anriette@apc.org">anriette@apc.org</a><br>
> executive director, association for progressive communications<br>
> <a href="http://www.apc.org" target="_blank">www.apc.org</a><br>
> po box 29755, melville 2109<br>
> south africa<br>
> tel/fax <a href="tel:%2B27%2011%20726%201692" value="+27117261692">+27 11 726 1692</a><br>
><br>
><br>
> ____________________________________________________________<br>
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> --<br>
> “The fundamental cure for poverty is not money but knowledge" Sir William Arthur Lewis, Nobel Prize Economics, 1979<br>
> ____________________________________________________________<br>
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<br>
<br>
</div></div><br>____________________________________________________________<br>
You received this message as a subscriber on the list:<br>
<a href="mailto:governance@lists.igcaucus.org">governance@lists.igcaucus.org</a><br>
To be removed from the list, visit:<br>
<a href="http://www.igcaucus.org/unsubscribing" target="_blank">http://www.igcaucus.org/unsubscribing</a><br>
<br>
For all other list information and functions, see:<br>
<a href="http://lists.igcaucus.org/info/governance" target="_blank">http://lists.igcaucus.org/info/governance</a><br>
To edit your profile and to find the IGC's charter, see:<br>
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<br>
Translate this email: <a href="http://translate.google.com/translate_t" target="_blank">http://translate.google.com/translate_t</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br>“The fundamental cure for poverty is not money but knowledge" Sir William Arthur Lewis, Nobel Prize Economics, 1979<br>
</div>