>From the Wikimedia Foundation List<br><div class="gmail_quote"><br>Yesterday, the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) filed an amicus<br>
("friends of the court") brief in Golan v. Holder, a case of great<br>
importance before the Supreme Court that will affect our understanding of<br>
the public domain for years to come. See<br>
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golan_v._Holder" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golan_v._Holder</a>. The EFF is representing the<br>
Wikimedia Foundation in addition to the American Association of Libraries,<br>
the Association of College and Research Libraries, the Association of<br>
Research Libraries, the University of Michigan Dean of Libraries, and the<br>
Internet Archive.<br>
<br>
This case raises critical issues as to whether Congress may withdraw works<br>
from the public domain and throw them back under a copyright regime. In<br>
1994, in response to the U.S. joining of the Berne Convention, Congress<br>
granted copyright protection to a large body of foreign works that the<br>
Copyright Act had previously placed in the public domain. Affected cultural<br>
goods probably number in the millions, including, for example, Metropolis<br>
(1927), The Third Man (1949), Prokofiev's Peter in the Wolf, music by<br>
Stravinsky, paintings by Picasso, drawings by M.C. Escher, films by Fellini,<br>
Hitchcock, and Renoir, and writings by George Orwell, Virginia Woolf, and<br>
J.R.R. Tolkien.<br>
<br>
The petitioners are orchestra conductors, educators, performers, film<br>
archivists, and motion picture distributors who depend upon the public<br>
domain for their livelihood. They filed suit in 2001, pointing out that<br>
Congress exceeded its power under the Copyright Clause and the First<br>
Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. They eventually won at the district<br>
court level, but that decision was overturned on appeal in the Tenth<br>
Circuit. The U.S. Supreme Court - which rarely grants review - did so<br>
here.<br>
<br>
Petitioners filed their brief last week, and you can find it here:<br>
<a href="http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/node/6684" target="_blank">http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/node/6684</a>. We are expecting a number of<br>
parties to file "friends of the court" briefs. The EFF's brief can be<br>
found here: <a href="http://www.eff.org/cases/golan-v-holder" target="_blank">http://www.eff.org/cases/golan-v-holder</a> .<br>
<br>
The Wikimedia Foundation joined the EFF brief in light of the tremendously<br>
important role that the public domain plays in our mission to "collect and<br>
develop educational content under a free license or in the public domain,<br>
and to disseminate it effectively and globally." We host millions of works<br>
in the public domain and are dependent on thousands of volunteers to search<br>
out and archive these works. Wikimedia Commons alone boasts approximately 3<br>
million items in these cultural commons. To put it bluntly, Congress cannot<br>
be permitted the power to remove such works from the public domain whenever<br>
it finds it suitable to do so. It is not right - legally or morally. The<br>
Copyright Clause expressly requires limits on copyright terms. The First<br>
Amendment disallows theft from the creative commons. Such works belong to<br>
our global knowledge. For this reason, we join with the EFF and many others<br>
to encourage the Court to overturn a law that so threatens our public domain<br>
- not only with respect to the particular works at issue but also with<br>
respect to the bad precedent such a law would set for the future.<br>
<br>
We anticipate the Court will reach a decision sometime before July 2012.<br>
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<br>Rui Correia<br>
Advocacy, Human Rights, Media and Language Consultant<br>
Angola Liaison Consultant<br>
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