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    <font face="Arial">Agreed. This is great. <b>what are we going
      to do about it?</b><br>
      <br>
    </font><br>
    On 6/9/2011 9:08 AM, Deirdre Williams wrote:
    <blockquote
      cite="mid:BANLkTi=ewnqCaX7gjjb7kpx6PnvCD27UWg@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">Snap!
      <div>Which in the language of a children's card game means
        recognition that we both produced the same card :-)</div>
      <div>We could use our collective will to create the lever which
        would win us the game - if we wanted to strongly enough??</div>
      <div>My apologies for the very mixed metaphors</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>Deirdre<br>
        <br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">On 9 June 2011 09:47, Roxana Goldstein
          <span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
              href="mailto:goldstein.roxana@gmail.com">goldstein.roxana@gmail.com</a>></span>
          wrote:<br>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt
            0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204);
            padding-left: 1ex;">Thanks TApani for your effort in telling
            everybody your thoughts.
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>What I want everyone in this list to understand, is
              that this -translation- is not a problem of a sole person
              (a "one" or a "you"), but a problem of the whole society,
              if you want.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>I mean, it is an institutional problem how to allow
              everybody to be heard in a governance process, with equal
              opportunities to influence policies that are significant
              for their  own lives.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>In the way you think, is that huge groups of people are
              underrepresented in the IG processes, an this is not an
              individual problem, but a political problem -the whole
              global, national, local societies are involved-.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>Meaning this that is not a problem that each person
              must solve alone, but a problem that institutions must
              take into account and then put in place solutions.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>If society decides to implement the solution to
              translation by automatic translators, it means that the
              problem is not being faced in an adecuate way, as facts
              show that they have not been enough to allow every group
              in the global society to have equal opportunities to
              participate and influence in the IG processes.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>It is not only that each of us must decide alone if
              she/he will run the risk of being understood or not in
              her/his first language, on the contrary, it is a problem
              of all of us to allow every group in this wonderful world
              to be heard and to be understood and to have equal rights
              to influence policy.</div>
            <div><br>
            </div>
            <div>Best regards,</div>
            <div>Roxana</div>
            <div>
              <div class="h5">
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
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                <div><br>
                  <br>
                  <div class="gmail_quote">2011/6/9 Tapani Tarvainen <span
                      dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                        href="mailto:tapani.tarvainen@effi.org"
                        target="_blank">tapani.tarvainen@effi.org</a>></span><br>
                    <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0pt
                      0pt 0pt 0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid rgb(204,
                      204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;">
                      <div>On Wed, Jun 08, 2011 at 12:43:28PM -0400,
                        Deirdre Williams (<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                          href="mailto:williams.deirdre@gmail.com"
                          target="_blank">williams.deirdre@gmail.com</a>)
                        wrote:<br>
                        <br>
                        > I think each person should have the right,
                        recognised and<br>
                        > automatically accepted by others, to
                        express him or her self in the<br>
                        > language in which he or she feels most
                        comfortable.<br>
                        <br>
                      </div>
                      That is a beautiful ideal.<br>
                      <br>
                      I'm afraid, however, that it isn't all that useful
                      in practice.<br>
                      It works well in a true bilingual setting, but not
                      so well in<br>
                      larger, really multilingual environments.<br>
                      <br>
                      For what is the meaning of a right to use a
                      language that won't be<br>
                      understood?<br>
                      <br>
                      If you want to be understood, you must use a
                      language that your<br>
                      audience will understand, one way or another.<br>
                      <br>
                      You can use your own language, or one you're
                      otherwise fluent with,<br>
                      and take the risk it will be misunderstood due to
                      audience's<br>
                      poor skill at it and/or poor translation services,<br>
                      or use a language they understand, and take the
                      risk that<br>
                      your poor command of it may cause
                      misunderstandings.<br>
                      <br>
                      Which is better, depends on the respective
                      language<br>
                      skills of you and your audience (and translators).<br>
                      <br>
                      In general, however, at least in a context of
                      technical,<br>
                      political or such discussion, I find it is usually
                      better<br>
                      for the speaker to make an effort to make
                      understanding<br>
                      easier for the audience - speak their language if
                      possible.<br>
                      <br>
                      Moreover, counterintuitive though it may be, using
                      a language you are<br>
                      not too fluent with is frequently better, even (or
                      perhaps especially)<br>
                      when the listeners aren't all that fluent with it
                      either<br>
                      For the better your command of the language, the
                      more you will use and<br>
                      depend on nuances and subtleties that are likely
                      to be missed by your<br>
                      audience and machine translators alike.<br>
                      Trying to phrase your thoughts in a foreign
                      language may also clarify<br>
                      them to yourself, force the meaning of the words
                      to the surface so to<br>
                      speak.<br>
                      <br>
                      (It might be fun and perhaps constructive to
                      decide that<br>
                      everybody may use any language *except* their own.<br>
                      Any takers?)<br>
                      <div><br>
                        > There is also a danger in assuming English
                        to be a lingua franca.<br>
                        > This is because of the diversity of
                        cultural baggage that the<br>
                        > language has acquired during its global
                        spread.<br>
                        <br>
                      </div>
                      True, but that really applies to all languages,
                      and if I may be forgiven<br>
                      for saying so, Spanish and English share most of
                      the same baggage.<br>
                      <br>
                      As a simple example, I still find the
                      gender-specific pronouns<br>
                      and grammar constructs difficult - Finnish has no
                      grammatical<br>
                      gender nor different pronouns for sexes.<br>
                      That alone causes a surprising number of
                      translation problems,<br>
                      and indeed it forces me to *think* differently in
                      English,<br>
                      keeping people's gender in mind all the time (I
                      still occasionally<br>
                      fail at that, causing confusion by using wrong
                      pronouns).<br>
                      <br>
                      There are other similar things, words and
                      grammatical<br>
                      constructs which simply don't exist in other
                      languages<br>
                      and which cannot be easily translated without
                      losing at least<br>
                      some of the meaning, let alone the elegance of the
                      expression.<br>
                      <br>
                      Yet I prefer to use English myself, rather than
                      use Finnish with its<br>
                      gender-ambiguous and other powerful and finely
                      nuanced expressions<br>
                      that translators (even human ones) tend do strange
                      things with.<br>
                      <br>
                      Of course, I already speak English fairly well.
                      When I have to<br>
                      speak to an audience whose language I don't know
                      at all, I have to<br>
                      rely on translators - but then I make a deliberate
                      effort to use<br>
                      simple language, avoid elegant expressions I know
                      are likely<br>
                      to get watered down or become incomprehensible in
                      translation.<br>
                      <br>
                      But the level of language skill needed before
                      using a foreign language<br>
                      is more effective than sticking to your own and
                      relying on translation<br>
                      is not all that high. (Somewhere above my Spanish
                      at present, though...)<br>
                      <div><br>
                        > At a practical level this must mean that
                        the recipient of the<br>
                        > communication has the obligation to
                        translate, and we all have to<br>
                        > hope that the meaning arrives safely.
                        Automatic translation is a lot<br>
                        > better than it used to be. Most importantly
                        the recipient must be<br>
                        > willing to try to understand, and willing
                        to ask for clarification<br>
                        > as necessary.<br>
                        <br>
                      </div>
                      You are absolutely right in that that's the way it
                      should be, we<br>
                      should always strive to do that, to make a
                      determined effort to<br>
                      understand.<br>
                      <br>
                      Unfortunately it does not work so well in real
                      life, indeed it only works<br>
                      very rarely. After all, the recipient has no
                      obligation even to listen<br>
                      the message, let alone to make an extra effort to
                      translate it first -<br>
                      and the simple fact that time is limited
                      inevitably means people will<br>
                      ignore most messages that are difficult for them
                      to understand.<br>
                      (I confess to having skipped most of the Spanish
                      messagesin this<br>
                      thread, for example.)<br>
                      <br>
                      So in practice it tends to fall more on the
                      speaker to make sure he or<br>
                      she gets understood. That is especially so in
                      political and other<br>
                      comparable debates, where people really don't
                      *want* to understand<br>
                      anything that might contradict or shake their old
                      opinions, sometimes<br>
                      to the extent that they appear to make a
                      determined effort to<br>
                      misunderstand, even though it really is
                      unconscious.<br>
                      <br>
                      So, yes, by all means let's strive to make our
                      best to understand<br>
                      what others are saying, in whatever language.<br>
                      <br>
                      But also, let's make an effort to express
                      ourselves so as to be easily<br>
                      understood, and not pretend we can really use our
                      own language at all<br>
                      times without increased danger of being
                      misunderstood or not listened<br>
                      to at all.<br>
                      <br>
                      --<br>
                      <font color="#888888">Tapani Tarvainen<br>
                      </font>
                      <div>
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        <br>
        <br clear="all">
        <br>
        -- <br>
        “The fundamental cure for poverty is not money but knowledge"
        Sir William Arthur Lewis, Nobel Prize Economics, 1979<br>
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