This was our morning session at the PIGF.<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">---------- Forwarded message ----------<br>From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Keith Davidson</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:keith@internetnz.net.nz">keith@internetnz.net.nz</a>></span><br>
Date: Sat, Apr 9, 2011 at 3:42 PM<br>Subject: [Pacific IGF] Pacific IGF - Draft summary - Part 1 - Sessions 1&2, Saturday Morning<br>To: <a href="mailto:IGF-Pacific@googlegroups.com">IGF-Pacific@googlegroups.com</a><br>
<br><br>
<h1><span lang="EN-NZ">Pacific IGF</span></h1>
<h2><span lang="EN-NZ">Saturday 9 April 2011 - <br></span></h2>
<h3><span lang="EN-NZ">Opening Session</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;"><b><span lang="EN-NZ"><span>1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-NZ">Keith Davidson
introduction</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Keith welcomed people to the Forum and
introduced Dr Jimmie Rogers.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;"><b><span lang="EN-NZ"><span>2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-NZ">Dr Jimmie Rogers – SPC
Director General</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Dr Rogers opened proceedings with a prayer.
He explained the background of the SPC facility in which the IGF is being held.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">In his opening statement, Dr Rogers made a
broad survey over the opportunities and challenges the Internet poses for the
Pacific, and the potential it offers as a tool for development. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">SPC's role is limited in the Internet area,
as it is mainly a zone for private sector innovation. Provides a platform in
partnership to assist the development process.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">He highlighted an MOU signed with NetSafe
in New Zealand, to help members of the Pacific community develop a safer
Internet.<span> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">A challenge he posed is how to make sure
the Pacific voice is heard globally in the Internet arena.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Keith thanked Dr Rogers for his address,
and asked him to pass on to the SPC staff his thanks for the organisation of
the event.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Keith noted the history of the IGF, where
at the end of the 1990s the cross-cutting nature of many core Internet issues
were becoming clear – but where there were no proper forums to address them.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">The WSIS process led to the first global
IGF in Greece in 2006. The first agreed cycle of five is complete, and a sixth
is being held this year. They have become a very useful forum for discussion of
a wide range of Internet governance issues, and have spread to be held in
national and regional domains as well.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">They allow policymakers and others to
discuss the issues they face and work out ways to tackle these that aren't
always based on regulation or legislation in the first instance.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Keith welcomed the other keynote speakers
for the event, and then handed over to Peter Dengate-Thrush.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;"><b><span lang="EN-NZ"><span>3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-NZ">Peter Dengate-Thrush –
Chair of ICANN</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Peter's
presentation summarised the origins of the Internet, the basis of the IP
address and top level domain name allocation, the origins of ICANN as a
multi-stakeholder governance body for Internet resource allocation, ICANN's
structure, the recent activity of ICANN (IDNs and security, among other things)
and an important highlight on what ICANN does not do (deal with content). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Peter also spent
some time discussing in depth recent changes to ICANN's relationship with the
United States government, the progress in implementing IDNs which allow
countries to have domain names completely in their own script rather than
having to use Latin scripts, the implementation of new global Top Level
Domains, and the exhaustion of the IPv4 address space.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Keith thanked
Peter for his presentation, and introduced the third speaker Don Hollander.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;"><b><span lang="EN-NZ"><span>4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-NZ">Don Hollander – Citizen</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">“A day in the life
of an ICT-enabled village.”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Don's presentation
outlined the many uses of ICT that have become available in the village
setting, from small businesses, to healthcare, to church, to connections with
relatives far away, to shop stock management.<span>
</span>Presentation was first given in a similar form to a meeting of Pacific
ICT ministers in Wellington in 2006.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">The vision of five
years ago is becoming real across the Pacific, with the Internet a fundamental
driver.<span> </span>Opportunities remain to manage
and govern the Internet well enough to serve the people.<span> </span>But opportunity is already there.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Keith thanked Don
for his presentation, and noted that the Internet is not yet everywhere.<span> </span>While there is faster and more available
Internet, new issues need to be confronted along with the rollout.<span> </span>A whole host of public policy issues arise:
freedom of expression, fighting SPAM, free association, the need for outreach
and so on.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">As many problems
in front of us as there are behind.<span> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">The IGF allows
people to share experiences and develop their own solutions: developing new
ideas and new approaches is the point of this event.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">The panels will be
short and provocative, and then allow time for questions and discussion and the
sharing of ideas.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Keith also noted
that he was apologetic that the organisation of the IGF had not been
necessarily done through a multi-stakeholder process – the time was not
available to allow for this.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<h3><span lang="EN-NZ">Second Session: Internet Access for All</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;"><b><span lang="EN-NZ"><span>5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-NZ">Maureen Hilyard -
Introduction</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Maureen introduced
herself and her speakers, and gave a briefing about what PICISOC is – the Pacific
chapter of the global Internet Society. Represent 22 countries with 681
members. They support the Pacific IGF to foster exchange of views, promote
learning & understanding, and look to best practices & solutions.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">A collective
Pacific voice is needed in the international forums – and this Pacific IGF
gives the opportunity for such a voice to be developed.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Universal access
is a key theme for PicISOC – getting services to unserved or underserved
people. Webb Henderson report analysed range of policies in place across the
Pacific – mixed. Lack of liberalisation feeds into lack of access.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;"><b><span lang="EN-NZ"><span>6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-NZ">Gunela Astbrink –
Leveraging technology to give voice and reach for people with disabilities</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Gunela comes from
ISOC-AU in Australia.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">In summary, the
presentation noted the scale of disability in the region (around 800,000 in the
Pacific) and that the response to guarantee social inclusion and respect has to
be broadly based.<span> </span>Technology provides
many opportunities for people to be included, to communicate with each other
and to continue with education, for example, independently.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">In discussion:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Are there any heartening
success stories?<span> </span>No portfolio of success
stories yet assembled in the region.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">How has ISOC-AU affected
standards on these issues? Gunela outlined a range of examples.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Cochlear video conferencing
analysis in Samoa – suitable when 1mbps connectivity available, saving travel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;"><b><span lang="EN-NZ"><span>7.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-NZ">Ian Thomson – on seeding
remote access</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Ian has a
background working practically in the Pacific, including helping roll out OLPC.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Key points:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">It's not about the technology </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">It's not about the money</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Multi-stakeholder approaches
take time, but donors are often focused on demonstrating short-run success.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Target should be on everyone to
be involved – not simply particular chosen services. This creates the widest
possible ecosystem of interest, leading to most support.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Lots of trials and pilots have
been done, but very few have scaled up. Not appropriate to do more pilots and
trials; focus needs to be on rapidly scaling up. Need to just get on and do it.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ">Maureen thanked
Ian for his presentation, and noted her regret there aren't more Governments
present here, to hear the message about going from trials to mass rollout.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-NZ">Discussion</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">In Fiji, there is a universal
service programme funded by international call minutes. It's one thing to
legislate it, but even post-liberalisation, there is a lack of follow through
to access deficit reduction. Inconsistent policy a real issue, creates
difficulties across the islands.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Cook Islands and Palau have
100% connectivity. It's not impossible but it is difficult.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">It's not about the money but it
is about the financing (Vanuatu) – hard to collate demand and funds in the face
of inter-agency competition etc.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Is there an opportunity for the
private sector to be an intermediary between departments to get them working
together?<span> </span>This is the traditional role
for the operators.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Change requires commitment from
senior people in government to agree and push it through.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Scaling up not working but
already understood? From a social science perspective, the particular situation
of each country is important, and is the key to maximise benefits and
mitigating problems. No silver bullet, and a case-by-case approach is needed.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Cook Islands perspective: the
outer islands have been done by Telecom Cook Islands. Benefits to health and
education services. Health – saving costs of travel of up to $4k a return trip,
for basic analysis and diagnosis. Greater teacher training opportunities too.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Airport Authority perpsective –
interagency negotiations agreed as an issue. Points of demarcation and
interactions with different agencies in the terminal has been an interesting
negotiation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="EN-NZ"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="EN-NZ">Solomons – Distance Learning
Centre example, a packet network: problem with ongoing costs once material
installed. Schools didn't have enough users; technology failures too. Solomons
Telecom assisting in improving the service.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><br><span lang="EN-NZ"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span lang="EN-NZ"><LUNCH><br>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-NZ"> </span></p>
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