<div>McTim an all,</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Thanks for gladly taking up the question I addressed to Wolfie ;) and for the info you've provided in that regard.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>I recognize those initiatives and I applaud them (I myself was lucky enough to attend the AfriNIC meeting a few years ago while I was in Maputo, and could see a vibrant community with a large range of participants at work, including, eg, Minister Venancio Massingue then Vice-Rector...)</div>
<div> </div>
<div>In this context though, the question is that of global governance arrangements (as related to the draft on EC, the alternate proposal... even the raison d'etre of this caucus.) I know you don't like those, but alas they exist and make decisions that impact a lot of people, at least those people who want to get involved at that global level are saying so. So they try to organize and get involved at that level. I'd completely agree with you if, say, ICANN was only a GIR (global internet registry), that is, the global counterpart of RIRs, and was not doing much more than technical coordination. But that unfortunately is not the case.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>So I'm not religious about gov't participation, and am not advocating it for the sake of it. The most important question for me is this: if, as a result of your function, global policy is made which has far reaching implications and impact beyond the members of your trade association, then it makes sense that you are asked deliberately and consistently to take the legitimate concerns of those other stakeholders into account. How best to achieve that, is where I see differences, unless you disagree on the previous statement. You (as well as many others) seem to think the status quo works fine, while I (as well as many others) am not satisfied with it.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>I certainly do not want gov'ts to dictate their traditional rules for IG, let alone at global level. I concur with all the issues you've mentioned about gov't management, and do not forget that before the mobile boom in Africa waiting time for connection to fixed phone could last as long as a decade. Who, in those conditions, would advocate for gov'ts being in charge of management and operation? Not me. Instead, I'd like more African gov'ts, just to take their example, converted to new norms. Many of them still don't even seem to understand that in the world we're living, it is part of their duty (and it should be in their interest) to enable local businesses to grow, to seek more opportunities for them and even promote them overseas. Instead they keep fighting the last battle, or the one before the last. etc... <br>
</div>
<div>Problem is, I do not see how ICANN's reported $200K just to apply for a new gTLD is any better for potential applicants in Africa (and in Latin America and large parts of Asia, etc.) than the narrow-minded tax policies of their government. The effect is the same: both are taking away business opportunities, from the majority of the user populations, mind you, and keeping them in the hands of a few. Neither is acceptable. I would like to see flourish in Africa more entrepreneurs like yourself, McTim, I'd like the playing field to make it possible if not easy for them to rise and become regional and even global Internet domain name Registries, too. For that to happen we need to work on both domestic and global policies.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>So here we are, not simply with a GIR but a nongovernmental body that nonetheless has the power to make that kind of over-reaching rules for everyone else. Then, until the day I might be convinced by the decisions and actions of those nongovernmental global governance arrangements that they are heeding and responding to my concerns, meaning the concerns of people I come from and those of other people like them (IMHO this is about fairness more than anything else), I might find some sense in bringing gov'ts in. Not because I want any one set of actors to dominate the process, but for each one to keep the others in check, and to increase the diversity of perspectives around the table. After all, if only they're willing to play along (or to be smart) national govts are more likely to speak to their domestic concerns than many of us here and more than a global body such as ICANN. (So yes, some people may support the formal participation off govts not because they're in love with the latter, but as a pragmatic move to enable a more balanced outcome in their view.)</div>
<div> </div>
<div>To finish, almost all govts around the world have signed the UDHR. I know many still violate them. But there is an active global citizenship using a number of mechanisms to call them out, along with democracies that may be supporting them. At times in the past, that even led to sanctions and embargo. In the case of the Internet, maybe except the US, not a single one of the other countries has the keys to the whole (logical) infrastructure -- so Internet will be functioning whatever they do doesmtically. In that case, wouldn't you think it'd be even easier to get them onboard of a common framework and instrument (UDHR style) setting up norms designed</div>
<div> </div>
<div>- precisely to curb the heavy-handed regulation that we are decrying at home (partly by a process of acculturation to new norms, as they work together and need to reach rough consensus with other players all over the world), </div>
<div>- to ensure delibarate and multistakeholder decision-making in these matters, the outcoms if which they will all be subject to,</div>
<div>- demanding best efforts at all levels of decision-making towards a fair hearing of all stakeholders while being more broadly civil liberties-friendly? </div>
<div> </div>
<div>Again, all that away from management and day to day operation issues - isn't that possible?</div>
<div> </div>
<div>For ma part I think on the one hand that chances of achieving the above are reasonable enough, and on the other current nongovernmental arrangements doing much more than technical coordination are frustrating enough for even a pragmatic progressive like me to advocate for that third path.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Best,</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Mawaki</div>
<div> <br></div>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Sun, Nov 7, 2010 at 1:07 AM, McTim <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:dogwallah@gmail.com">dogwallah@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex" class="gmail_quote">Mawaki,<br>
<div class="im"><br>On Sun, Nov 7, 2010 at 12:41 AM, Mawaki Chango <<a href="mailto:kichango@gmail.com">kichango@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br>> Hi,<br>><br>> Wolfgang, so in those examples of progress on EC you gave, where is the CS?<br>
> Is the implication that in those formalizations of bilateral relationships<br>> between organizations, ICANN carries the voice of CS? Or is something in the<br>> works to bring the public party CS (ie, NGOs and their coalitions such as<br>
> IGC) into those arrangements?<br><br></div>My answer to this is that there are hundreds of MS CS bodies currently<br>involved in actual IG work (not just ICANN), and it is in and amongst<br>those bodies which other CS groups must become involved. The "web"<br>
that Wolfie mentioned has been in existence for ~2 decades. It is<br>becoming more formal (and larger) with every MoU signed.<br><br>Here are just two examples from the numbering world, with which I am<br>most familiar:<br>
<br><a href="http://www.afrinic.net/corporate/MoU-AAU-AfriNIC_2009.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.afrinic.net/corporate/MoU-AAU-AfriNIC_2009.pdf</a><br><br><a href="http://www.apnic.net/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/24351/isockolkata-apnic-mou-sept2010.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.apnic.net/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/24351/isockolkata-apnic-mou-sept2010.pdf</a><br>
<div class="im"><br>><br>> McTim, I couldn't even believe that you went there when I read your quoting<br>> of the Declaration of Independence of Cyberspace.<br>> You certainly don't believe that it still decribes anything near the reality<br>
> of government role and capabilities vis-a-vis the cyberspace *today*, do<br>> you?! If you don't, as I'm inclined to believe, then I'm trying to<br>> understand what else is being communicated here. (See below my commentary<br>
> about the whole anti-government slogan.)<br><br></div>No, governments have been claiming sovereignty over the Internet in<br>their geo-boundaries (and sometimes beyond) steadily for several<br>decades.<br><br>Here in Kenya for example, the gov owns significant stakes in the 2<br>
largest telcos, licenses the IXP (I think the only place in the world<br>where an IXP is licensed), licenses and taxes the ISPs, has veto power<br>over decisions of the ccTLD, Makes the submarine cable operators pay<br>to land here (and owns a significant stake in one of the sub cables),<br>
regulates the Internet sector heavily and in general plays the part of<br>plaintiff, defendant, judge and jury in many disputes. It is this<br>heavy handed gov't involvement that I find objectionable. They would<br>
also like, (at least it's the regulators position) to be in charge of<br>all CIRs within their borders.<br><br>My intent was to provide some historical context and point out how far<br>we have come from that idealised POV, which I believe empowered CS.<br>
<div class="im"><br>><br>> I read Parminder's "counter-proposal" (just to distinguish... or "alternate<br>> proposal") as a possible detailing of the last option under paragraph 2 in<br>> the "Second draft statement on enhanced cooperation" which started this<br>
> thread:<br>><br>> * establishing a new umbrella governance institution for Internet policy<br>> development, with space for the participation of each stakeholder group in<br>> its respective role.<br><br>
</div>I think we saw during WSIS that creating a new institution is<br>difficult. We have a new institution called the IGF, that was hard<br>enough to build. I see no need for a new one, rather, let's work with<br>what we have, as there are many opportunities for CS involvement that<br>
need to be realised.<br>
<div class="im"><br><br>><br>> Now some may prefer not to commit to a specific preference or set of<br>> preferences (and it seems like that's what the proposed draft is doing,<br>> limitting itself to the broad level description or to the listing of all<br>
> different types/models one can reasonably think of) - while some others may<br>> want to indicate a specific preference or set of preferences with the most<br>> likelihood to foster a progressive agenda.<br>><br>
> I would rather support the latter.<br><br></div>Do you think we can find consensus on which model?<br>
<div class="im"><br>><br>> That being said, Parminder has written either too much or too little :) By<br>> that I mean I'm not sure whether it is necessary to get to the detail of the<br>> exact composition/membership etc, in this statement. If that were to be the<br>
> case, then we would need to work a little more on that first rough<br>> counter-draft as he himself has acknowledged. For example one major<br>> reservation I would have is to avoid making it a government-led model (first<br>
> rows for governments, folding seats for the rest.)<br><br></div>Agreed.<br>
<div class="im"><br>And this is less<br>> dependent on the distribution of stakeholder representatives in the room<br>> than the rules governing their interactions and processes.<br>><br>> ***<br>> Re. the anti-government/state utopia:<br>
><br>> Now whether we like it or not, states are in our midst - they are IG<br>> stakeholders and powerful ones. We still heavily depend on laws they make<br>> and enforce. And gone are the days when we could think of the cyberspace as<br>
> an island completely isolated from the world where states rule - which<br>> also happens to be the world where actual users and providers (outside the<br>> screens and servers that give live to cyberspace) live and own the<br>
> proprieties involved in their subsistance. Now you can choose to keep on<br>> believing in your Declaration which IMHO is based on the equivalent of the<br>> "state of nature" of the cyberspace, or you can try and work out a "civil<br>
> state" that would guarantee as many as possible of the ideals included in<br>> the initial Declaration based on a clearly defined and agreed upon regime of<br>> rights and responsibilities.<br><br><br></div>
We already have such a "civil state". Pretending that it doesn't<br>exist does this Caucus no good. For example, look at the participants<br>for the next AfriNIC meeting.<br><br><a href="http://meeting.afrinic.net/afrinic-13/index.php/registration-closed/participants-list" target="_blank">http://meeting.afrinic.net/afrinic-13/index.php/registration-closed/participants-list</a><br>
<br>Even though it is in J'Burg, I see no APC folk in attendance!! Why is<br>that?? I know APC folk are interested in Internet numbering issues,<br>having commented on them at the IGF.<br><br>Instead we have folk such as International Foundation For African<br>
Children (IFAC) and CIVICUS (World Alliance for Citizen<br>Participation) coming, which is great and we need to encourage more CS<br>groups to come to the table.<br><br>Can you see all the gov't reps attending? This is the result of the<br>
outreach done by the RIRs and brings them to a CS built table. At the<br>last ARIN meeting, gov't reps were (for the first time that I can<br>recall) putting their hands up (for or against) the various proposals,<br>
not as individuals, but as gov't reps.<br><br>This is MSism in actual IG. My concern is that we as a caucus do not<br>want to do actual IG, rather we want to just talk about it ad nauseum.<br>
<div class="im"><br><br>> This is like repeating the exact same flaw that you (McTim, implicitly at<br>> least, but also Karl and a few others) were pointing to in the post about<br>> getting rid of the ICANN's DNS).<br>
<br></div>Wasn't me. IIRC, I simply pointed out in that thread that the time<br>has long since passed to oppose a massive expansion of gTLDs.<br>
<div class="im"><br>Here it goes: governments can do very bad<br>> things, therefore let's get rid of governments (from the cyberspace... for<br>> the time being, I guess.) Yes, governments can do very very bad things. But<br>
> they will do them anyway, behind the curtains and for the sake of their<br>> particular interests of the moment. There is an African proverb that says<br>> (roughly remembered and translated) something like: if you put the witch or<br>
> the malevolent in custody of a good, then they will be less likely to harm<br>> that good... Gee! what a miserable transalation, which does nothing to help<br>> the natural tendency that some may have to mock an attempt to resolve global<br>
> governance issues with an African proverb about witches, does it... but I'm<br>> sure with a bit of benevolence, you'll get my drift. The wisdom is that<br>> putting the potential source of evil under watch, in broad day light, where<br>
> it can be called out to account if something goes wrong with their<br>> responsibilities might just be a more effective protection/defense.<br><br></div>Many gov'ts already do terrible things vis a vis the Internet. We saw<br>
that first hand in Tunis, no? (The Tunisian gov't treatment of<br>protest). We see it daily in censorship and persecution of bloggers<br>to give just one example.<br><br>Do you think that gov'ts will give up sovereignty (their ability to<br>
act badly within their borders) to a Global Internet Council (or<br>something akin to it)? I very much doubt that will be the case.<br><br>I can't believe that we as a CS group will actively encourage MORE<br>gov't involvement in IG, and not less!<br>
<font color="#888888"><br>--<br></font>
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<div></div>
<div class="h5">Cheers,<br><br>McTim<br>"A name indicates what we seek. An address indicates where it is. A<br>route indicates how we get there." Jon Postel<br></div></div></blockquote></div><br>