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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Jeremy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Thanks for getting this started and for your work on it. Comments
below:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style='border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b>1. Has the work of the MAG been consistent with the
mandate set out in the Tunis Agenda and subsequent decisions?</b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>The IGC broadly supports the continuation of the MAG in its
present form<span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I don’t think we do. Would propose modification of this language
to:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>The IGC broadly supports the continued existence of a balanced multistakeholder
advisory group. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>In this limited role, the MAG has performed fairly well.<span
style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><cough><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>How about: “In its current role, the MAG has not been an
unmitigated disaster.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>OK, if that’s too harsh, please substitute “reasonably” for “fairly
well.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Also, don’t forget that it’s ok for an IGC statement to reflect
differing views. So if there is a significant chunk of us who believe the MAG
has been fantastic, then describe the spectrum.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>However, the IGF now stands at a cross-roads where it may be
called upon to produce more tangible outputs. The qualification of the
MAG to steer the IGF through this challenging phase of its evolution is less
clear.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>OK. Two sentences above have my complete support<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>In the past, the MAG has been unwilling to depart too
radically from the format of the IGF that was established in Athens.
Ideas such as speed dialogues, debates, roundtables and messages
from the IGF, although strongly supported in some quarters, have each year
failed to progress within the MAG due to a lack of consensus, which has been
interpreted as requiring unanimity.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Whilst the desire not to mess with a process that is working
is laudable, a lack of consensus cannot be used to justify inertia,
where the IGF's mandate calls for action. <span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I would delete all the words above, and move directly to the
next paragraph, which I have modified:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>To ensure that the MAG remains effective in this new era<span
style='color:#1F497D'>,</span> <span style='color:#1F497D'>[delete: </span>for<span
style='color:#1F497D'>]</span> the IGF may require more <span style='color:
#1F497D'>direct lines of accountability to its constituencies, more balanced
sectoral representation, and </span>proactive leadership<span style='color:
#1F497D'>. [delete:</span> utilising a more flexible conception of
"rough consensus" to break through stalemates and propel the IGF
towards the complete fulfilment of its mandate.<span style='color:#1F497D'>]</span>
Reducing the size of the MAG might also improve its effectiveness.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span>Moreover, the MAG does not
always interact well with the public forum of its own design - the IGF.<span
style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>I am not sure what you mean
by this statement – it might require elaboration<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span>MAG members should be
encouraged to put ideas out for multistakeholder comment and participation, in
a variety of other institutions, processes and fora, both online and offline.
Opening up meetings of the MAG to </span>observers, either face to
face or remotely, could also assist in making it more accessible and
responsive to the broader community.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>OK<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><b>2. How best to nominate non
governmental members for the MAG?</b></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>As the MAG takes on more responsibility, it will also be
necessary for it to become more accountable. Part of this process may
involve moving on from the <b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>existing "black box" approach whereby the United
Nations Secretary General selects MAG members from a range of nominees put
forward by various parties, pursuant to selection criteria that are not
published.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Hooray!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>An alternative approach that many from civil society support<span
style='color:#1F497D'> </span>is the selection of MAG representatives through a
bottom-up process driven by the stakeholder groups. WIth its
existing open, accountable, transparent and democratic processes, the Internet
Governance Caucus could form the foundation of an appropriate body to select
civil society MAG representatives, subject to appropriate criteria to ensure
regional and gender balance and a diversity of viewpoints.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Hooray!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Another reform that might be considered is to rescind the
special privileges that representatives of intergovernmental organisations, and
special advisors to the chair, currently possess. If the MAG's processes
are opened to broader oversight by the community, such special privileges would
soon become redundant.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Hooray!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b>3. <span class=apple-style-span>How best to nominate
the MAG Chair?</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>At present, a single UN-based Chair is appointed by the
UN Secretary-General. This may no longer be appropriate if the MAG
develops into a body whose members are self-selected by the stakeholders.
In that case, it could be that the MAG should select its own chair or
chairs, and for that position to rotate between the stakeholder groups.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>In any case, this must not change the fundamental nature of
the role of the Chair, which is not to push a personal or stakeholder agenda,
but to facilitate the MAG's effective operation as a de facto multi-stakeholder
bureau for the IGF that is responsible for facilitating the fulfilment of the
mandate in the Tunis Agenda.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>2 paragraphs above ok with me<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><b>4. How best to organize open
consultations?</b></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>There is merit in regarding the open consultation meetings
not as meetings held in Geneva, with provision for remote participation from
around the world, but as meetings that are held online, with provision for some
participants to attend in person at a hub in Geneva, or at other hubs.
Indeed, the IGF meetings themselves could come to be considered in the
same terms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Online meetings are most effective when provision is made
for participation both synchronously (ie. in real time) and asynchronously (ie.
through comments and discussions that are contributed over an extended period
through blogs, Twitter, mailing lists, Facebook and so on).<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>It is somewhat anachronistic that the IGF at large does not
utilise an electronic mailing list for discussions, and that other means of
asynchronous participation are not widely promoted for use by IGF participants
as means of contributing to open consultations. In particular, MAG
members do not tend to contribute in that capacity to online discussions
outside of their closed mailing list, which limits the profile and
accessibility of the MAG and the IGF as a whole.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Fully endorse this entire section.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><b>5. How best to link with
regional meetings?</b></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span>The regional IGF meetings have
the potential to bring the multi-stakeholder model of Internet governance to a
much broader community of Internet users and citizens, but at the same time we
must be careful to ensure that these meetings meet the same basic process
criteria as the IGF itself, including adequate participation by <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span>civil society at all levels</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span>In this context, civil society
has less capacity to contribute to governance processes than governmental and
private sector groups, due to funding constraints and its reliance on voluntary
labour. This may require that additional efforts be made (and funded where
appropriate) to ensure that a plurality of civil society voices are heard in
Internet governance processes.</span><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span>We also suggest that
consideration be given to the principle of subsidiarity as a guideline for the
IGF's relationship with regional and national IGFs. That is to say that
country IGFs should be encouraged to take up issues at a national level, a
regional IGF will subsume all national concerns in order to build a
regional position, and global issues will be predominantly the concern of the
global IGF.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I have problems with any suggestions that institutionalize
national as opposed to transnational regulatory approaches. National
governments are doing just fine, thank you very much; what we are doing here is
an attempt to institutionalize non-national or transnational approaches. Why
put so much emphasis on national? Just refer to “local” or “regional” IGFs. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span>With such organizational
arrangements as proposed above, national reports would feed into the regional
IGFs, and regional reports to the global IGF.</span><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><b>6. How best to link with
international processes and institutions?</b></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span>Just as at the Vilnius IGF
meeting online moderators helped to bridge between online and offline
discussions, so too there could be rapporteurs whose job it would be to
summarise relevant discussions at the IGF and to forward them to external
institutions, and to act as a conduit for feedback from those institutions.</span><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Ideally these summaries would include both main sessions and
workshops, since much of the valuable discussion at the IGF takes place in the
latter. Alternatively, they could be limited to the main sessions
provided that a better mechanism for feeding the output of workshops back into
main sessions is realised.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>#6 is ok with me, too.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Milton L. Mueller<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Professor, Syracuse University School of Information Studies<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>XS4ALL Professor, Technology University of Delft<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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