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<font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">Yes, a number of developed
countries are moving in the direction of a rights based approach to
Internet connectivity. Pity is, they still push ICTD models for
developing countries that resist any public goods framework for basic
ICT enablements including, but not limited to, connectivity. Whether
this anomaly is just a time-lag between different government
departments dealing respectively with internal social policy and
external development support, or is related to the fact that ICTs as
the means of knowledge flows and controls underlie the principal new
geo-political comparative advantage which is too precious to be
compromised in charity-mindedness, is a moot question - but a very
important one. Parminder </font><br>
<br>
Lehrstuhl Weber wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid:4B417D06.9050502@rwi.uzh.ch" type="cite">
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Just for your information: Two years ago Switzerland already introduced
a law gauaranteeing every home fast broadband acces.<br>
Happy New Year<br>
Rolf H. Weber<br>
<br>
Latif LADID ("The New Internet based on IPv6") schrieb:
<blockquote cite="mid:004c01ca8c4e$e24dfce0$a6e9f6a0$@lu" type="cite">
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<div class="Section1">
<h1 style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span
style="font-size: 21pt; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);" lang="EN-US">UK -
Ministers consider new law guaranteeing fast
broadband for every home</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h2 style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 14.15pt;"><span
style="font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-weight: normal;"
lang="EN-US">All
householders would have </span><span
style="background: teal none repeat scroll 0% 50%; color: white; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-weight: normal;"
lang="EN-US">a legal right to a high speed broadband connection</span><span
style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-weight: normal;" lang="EN-US"> </span><span
style="font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-weight: normal;"
lang="EN-US">under new plans being
considered by the Government.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" style=""><span
style="font-size: 7.5pt; color: black;" lang="EN-US"> </span><span
lang="EN-US"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/broadband/6920942/Ministers-consider-new-law-guaranteeing-fast-broadband-for-every-home.html"
target="_blank">http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/broadband/6920942/Ministers-consider-new-law-guaranteeing-fast-broadband-for-every-home.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US"><br>
Published: 8:00AM GMT 02 Jan 2010</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style=""><span
style="font-size: 7.5pt; color: black;" lang="EN-US"> </span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style=""><b><span
style="background: teal none repeat scroll 0% 50%; font-size: 22pt; color: white; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"
lang="EN-US">The Government
is considering making broadband access a legal right.</span></b><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">The
proposals would place
high-speed internet access on a par with utilities like water and gas</span><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">, which
are already covered
by legislation guaranteeing their supply to every home in the country.</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">The
legal broadband
obligation </span><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">has
been proposed by council leaders in response to concerns that rural
communities
are being left behind by the digital revolution, with residents and
businesses
in much of the countryside forced to endure sluggish internet
connections.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style=""><span
style="font-size: 7.5pt; color: black;" lang="EN-US"> </span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">Local
authorities say that </span><span
style="font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">the
Goverment's existing
"commitment" to provide 2 Mbps broadband access to all homes by 2012
is insufficent, and are calling for faster minimum speeds to be
enshrined in
law</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);"
lang="EN-US">.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">While </span><span
style="font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">many
city dwellers will soon
enjoy super-fast 40 Mbps connections</span><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">, <u>around
42 per cent of rural households are still
unable to access the internet at 2 Mbps</u>, because of the distance
between
homes and telephone exchanges.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">Keith
Mitchell of the Local
Government Association (LGA), which has forwarded the proposals to
ministers,
said that fast internet was now "essential to everyday life" and
should be viewed as a necessity rather than a luxury.</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">He said:
"From doing
business, to banking online, accessing information or just downloading
music,
high speed broadband would change the lives of people and boost
businesses in
rural areas across the country."</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">If the
proposals are accepted
by John Denham, the secretary of state for communities and local
government,
and ministers at the Department of Innovation and Business, Britain
would
become one of the first countries in the world to oblige internet
service
providers to deliver fast broadband. Finland passed a law guaranteeing
1Mps
connections in October last year.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">The
plans were shortlisted by
the LGA for consideration by ministers after being selected from more
than 300
ideas to improve local life drawn up by councils across the country.</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">Christopher
Snowling, cabinet
member for health and community at Mid Sussex District Council which
originally
proposed the new law, said that guaranteed broadband speeds would help
close
the digital divide between rural and urban areas.</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">“People
living in rural areas
deserve the same quality of internet connection as those living in
major towns
and cities</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);"
lang="EN-US">. <u>Better
broadband internet would encourage commuters to work from home which
would cut
traffic and CO2 emissions," he said.</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">“Faster
internet speeds will
allow rural businesses to compete on a more level playing field with
businesses
in urban areas and make sure school children in rural areas are not
disadvantaged by not being able to access information online."</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">The
Telegraph has launched a
campaign for a better deal for broadband users in rural areas to ensure
they do
not miss out on vital services and business opportunities.</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">But the
Government has been
reluctant to make firm commitments to minimum broadband speeds because
of the
costs of improving networks in rural areas. </span><span
style="font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">The cost
of installing the fibre optic
lines required for super-fast broadband to all homes has been estimated
at up
to £30 billion.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">But last
June Gordon Brown
conceded that more must be done to help rural businesses cut off from
the
benefits of the web, acknowledging that "a fast internet connection is
now
seen by most of the public as an essential service, as indispensable as
electricity, gas and water".</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">A
Government spokesman said:
"The Government remains absolutely committed to improving the lives of
people in both urban and rural communities. We will carefully consider
the full
shortlist of proposals when it is received from the LGA.</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><u><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">"We
don't want rural
Britain to miss out on the social and economic benefits of quality
broadband</span></u><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">, which
is why the Universal
Service Commitment of 2Mbps set out in the Digital Britain White Paper
aims to
provide good quality broadband to all parts of the UK.</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 16.55pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(64, 64, 64);" lang="EN-US">"We
believe this
commitment achieves the best possible balance between faster services
and
affordability. Our plans foresee a fast roll-out of 2Mbps by 2012,
after which
our efforts and resources will focus on enabling Next Generation Access
to most
of the UK by 2017, providing much higher speeds of 40Mbps or more."</span><span
lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"
lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div
style="border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(181, 196, 223) -moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color; border-width: 1pt medium medium; padding: 3pt 0cm 0cm;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";"
lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";"
lang="EN-US"> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:discuss-bounces@mx.un-gaid.org">discuss-bounces@mx.un-gaid.org</a>
[<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:discuss-bounces@mx.un-gaid.org">mailto:discuss-bounces@mx.un-gaid.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Latif
LADID
("The New Internet based on IPv6")<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 03 January 2010 08:40<br>
<b>To:</b> 'Ronda Hauben'; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a>;
'GAID
Discussion'<br>
<b>Cc:</b> 'Parminder'; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:email@hakik.org">email@hakik.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [gaid-discuss] [governance] IGF and GAID<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Internet
has become a utility like water and electricity. If
some commercial freaks decide on who gets water and electricity then
their
government should be fired for obvious corruption or plain incompetence.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Cheers<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Latif
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div
style="border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(181, 196, 223) -moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color; border-width: 1pt medium medium; padding: 3pt 0cm 0cm;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";"
lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";"
lang="EN-US"> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:discuss-bounces@mx.un-gaid.org">discuss-bounces@mx.un-gaid.org</a>
[<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:discuss-bounces@mx.un-gaid.org">mailto:discuss-bounces@mx.un-gaid.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Ronda
Hauben<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 02 January 2010 22:23<br>
<b>To:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a>;
GAID Discussion<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Parminder; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:email@hakik.org">email@hakik.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [gaid-discuss] [governance] IGF and GAID<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Does anyone know what are the actual plans for
the future of
GAID?<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
It is good to see there is some discussion of it on these lists, but I
am
wondering what is the actual plan for it, if there is one being planned
or in the process of being implemented?<br>
<br>
I have proposed that those interested in integrating Internet
development in
the development process have much to learn from studying and discussing
the
actual development process that built the Internet.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p>When I returned home from the WSIS meeting in Tunis in 2005, I
had
some
discussion with someone who described the struggle in his country in
Africa,
over how to spread the Internet.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>The experience he described was about how commercial entities
wanted to
limit how the Internet was used. Meanwhile there some in government who
recognized that there was a need to spread the Internet at a low cost,
especially in the education sector. He described the government idea of
wiring
a government building and then using that to offer low cost or free
Internet
education to the school systems nearby. Instead those interested in
commercial
development claimed the wiring of the government building should only
serve the
government site. The struggle between these two visions of Internet
development
was not unique to that country, as I had experienced a similar struggle
in the
US.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>It seemed reviewing both the vision guiding early networking
development and
the history of how the Internet was developed and spread in its early
phases,
would be of value in general, and in particular to the developing world.<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Unfortunately, those drafting the millennium
development
goals didn't find a way to build in this kind of focus into the goals
themselves.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Happy New Year to all.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">with best wishes<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Ronda<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On Sat, Jan 2, 2010 at 3:49 PM, Hakikur Rahman
<<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:email@hakik.org">email@hakik.org</a>>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Dear Parminder,<br>
<br>
I agree with you cent percent, but wish I could have knew those strange
reasons
that you have mentioned. Not only UNDP, but seems majority of
development
partners are no more interested in ICTD. For many years, it has become
stalled
somewhere, when the field was really going to launch in many lagging
nations.
Hope GAID, as it has been expected could come up with something in this
aspect.<br>
<br>
Best regards,<br>
Hakikur<br>
<br>
At 06:48 02-01-2010, Parminder wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<blockquote style="margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Jean-Louis
FULLSACK wrote: <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Parminder<br>
<br>
As usually your message clearifies the debate ; therefore all my thanks.<br>
<br>
> concrete suggestion for IGF reform, which may be taken up when the
resolution/ <br>
> discussion on IGF continuation finally comes up at the UN general <br>
> assembly or at the CSTD (there is a confusion at this stage how
the <br>
> process will go forward).<br>
<br>
Isn't there another confusing situation with GAID as far as IG is
dealing with
Developing Countriers issues are concerned ? <br>
If this is the opinion of a majority among us, our relation with
-and/or
position on- GAID should be laid down accordingly. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Dear Jean-Louis,<br>
<br>
Development has never been a serious political issue at WSIS, and has
been even
less so post-WSIS. It is for this reason that the levels of interest of
major
actors and therefore the trajectories of the IGF and GAID have been
very
different. (It is a different manner that the subject of development is
treated
as a red herring with such regularity, and often deviousness, in the
IGF that
it would make a very interesting study/ story.)<br>
<br>
IG is very political because it concerns the governance, and thus the
possibilities of shaping, of the Internet. Development in post-WSIS
structures
has been seen in largely in the normal 'charity view' of development,
plus as
new possibilities of political alliances for transnational businesses
to expand
their markets in developing countries. The fact is that, at present, no
major
actor of any significant power has really much interest in ICTD at the
global
level. (UNDP for some strange reasons has mostly withdrawn from this
area.)<br>
<br>
So while IGF seems to be headed towards even keener political contests,
GAID,
post-Sarbuland, may be headed towards getting folded up into a regular
UN
department, doing mundane work (thats what I fear). The way GAID was
run as a
new age network had many huge problems - and we kept pointed them out
at all
GAID meetings - but it will be a mistake to forgo its open new-age
network structure for a bureaucratic UN department. What we need
instead is a
set of more focussed and clearer objectives and work plans, and a
better
network structure focussed on public interest actors, chiefly those
involved
with development issues. <br>
<br>
Parminder <br>
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