<html><body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><div>Not that it matters in this particular rhetorical space but of course there was no "comparison" drawn between access to the net and access to Mexican food. There was rather a point being made about the general "principle" that companies should be obligated to sell a (any) consumer product in a given foreign market and if they don't we can call them authoritarian. To note that this makes no sense in no way implies a lack of concern about broadening and democratizing access in developing countries. </div><div><br></div><div>Bill <br><br>Sent from my iPhone<div><br></div></div><div><br>On Nov 27, 2009, at 17:03, Meryem Marzouki <<a href="mailto:meryem@marzouki.info">meryem@marzouki.info</a>> wrote:<br><br></div><div></div><blockquote type="cite"><div>
I still don't find this qualification of the comparison neither fair, nor relevant. There are many confusions in this discussion.<div>Your example of Iran and non authorized use of US credit cards there is another confusion: this is, most probably, a consequence of the american embargo against Iran (see e.g. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanctions_against_Iran#Ahmadinejad_government"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanctions_against_Iran#Ahmadinejad_government">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanctions_against_Iran#Ahmadinejad_government</a></a>), which is another, different, issue.</div><div><br></div><div>Speaking of money transfers and electronic transactions, FYI, in many countries where there is not even such embargo - and I can again refer to Tunisia here - people cannot even buy anything because their currency is not quoted on the international market and because there are restrictions on currency exchanges, due to national economic and financial regulation and policy, itself fully understandable in order to keep the country balance of payment/treasury (or whatever this is called in English) manageable. How would you call this? A human rights issue? A consumer issue? Anything else?</div><div><br></div><div>And regarding Fouad's last email, I still don't find it neither fair, nor relevant, to transform a comparison between Amazon Kindle for PC and Mexican Food into a comparison between IA and Mexican Food, whatever "IA" means (if it is Internet Access, then IA is not subject to Amazon Kindle for PC availability, if it is "Internet Authoritarianism", then I still don't know what this could mean). Finally, I've never been impressed by the attempts to disqualify a given point of view by a (false and irrelevant, anyway) general reference to "members from the developed world", just like if your country of residence at a given time in your life, your citizenship or whatever, would determine your way of thinking. </div><div><br></div><div>Meryem</div><div><br></div><div><div><div>Le 27 nov. 09 à 15:43, Parminder a écrit :</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">Meryem<br> <br> <br> I started my email by saying we may not want to use the terms 'authoritarianism' or 'human rights' here.<br> <br> The reference to Mexican food in Geneva came after a round where the term 'authoritarian' had been kind of muted out of the discussion, and Micheal had made a clear case of '</font><span lang="en-us"><i><font face="Courier New" size="2">access to the tools that allow for or facilitate the use of the Internet especially when those tools are linked into some sort of monopolistic position with respect to the use of the Internet should surely fall under that rubric".<br> <br> </font></i></span><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"> Speaking of Mexican food in Geneva in this context, and also with new examples like paypal being added to the kindle one, is in my view insensitive and inconsiderate to the basic set of concerns being expressed. <br> <br> </font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">Also, at least i did not say 'authoritarian nonsense' :) ...<br> <br> In the global digital space, which is a new global social space, private monopolistic controls are a huge issue, perhaps 'the' issue, and it is obvious that this is what was being discussed at this stage, along with corresponding issue of debilitating exclusions.. <br> <br> I would not consider non-availability of one set of goods or others in a country as a comparable example. What is more comparable is what I found to some shock when I visited Iran a few years back. Credit cards do not work there because the companies are mostly US and they follow a kind of embargo. Many people came to meeting I went for without enough cash, and they had to use credit cards in black (illegal overseas transactions) to get cash. And of course normal business in Iran would be hugely affected, locally, as well as globally. it is this kind of basic enabling services that need to be treated at a very different level than simple goods. And as digital world gets more and more enmeshed in our lives, these monopolies, and imperialistic powers behind it, is the issue at stake, and begins discussed. Correspondingly, it is the deep exclusions and new dependencies that will develop that are of concern.<br> <br> I know you do agree to these concerns generally, but do not agree to frame them as a human rights issue. I can agree. But when you say, it may not be even be an issue of 'consumer rights' i may not agree. As you said in an earlier email, it may not be so much that I want to use a particular commercial software as a right, as of open standards and inter-interoperability with local options that can be developed. That is a certainly a huge consumer right issue. <br> <br> Best, Parminder <br> <br> </font><span lang="en-us"><i><font face="Courier New" size="2"><br> </font></i></span><br> Meryem Marzouki wrote: <blockquote cite="mid:E5FD43F7-393B-4C14-A450-60D2E6AA3647@marzouki.info" type="cite">Parminder, <div><br> </div> <div>I fully agree with you that regulation of giant corporates - not only at global but also at regional and national levesl in countries where they operate or have subsidiaries - as you formulate it is an issue of foremost importance and that it is much needed. This issue has in addition to be dealt with in various fora and framework, not only those related to Internet governance, as the <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; ">"Proposal for a WTO Agreement on the Supply of Knowledge as a Global Public Good" example forwarded by Michael shows.</span></div> <div><br> </div> <div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"></span>However, it's not fair to interpret as "inappropriate", "inconsiderate", and "a smack of insensitivity" an - ironical, I admit - comment of the very specific and minor consumer issue as the one brought by Fouad with the example of Amazon Kindle software for PC not being available in Pakistan. By minor, I mean that it's an inconvenience, not a violation of human rights nor an obstacle to development, not even a breach of any consumer rights (consumer rights does not include any "right to consume").</div> <div><br> </div> <div>The irony of the comment (comparison with unavailabity of good Mexican food in Geneva) was simply proportional to the exageration in calling "authoritarianism" the fact that a given commercial product is not available in a given country. Words matter, because they express concepts and there unadequate use might lead to the dilution of these concepts and the softening of problems that really matter, by equating them to minor issues. I am sure this was certainly not Fouad's intention, but we should be cautious on this kind of process: they are intentionally used far too often, and it's so easy to get traped.</div> <div><br> </div> <div>I lived during the first 25 years of my life in Tunisia, my other country of culture and citizenship and my country of birth, still have family there and visit them regularly. You cannot imagine the number of goods and services that are not available there (not even speaking of affordability), for various reasons: market not wide enough for some goods or services, too expensive or not worth to be imported (the Tunisian Dinar is not quoted on the international currency market) and many other commercial or financial reasons as already suggested in this discussion. Conversely, there are also Tunisian goods and services that I cannot find elsewhere in the world. Too bad, but so what? </div> <div><br> </div> <div>As far as I'm concerned, I keep the word 'authoritarianism' for cases when, e.g. a book cannot be found in Tunisia (or is taken by the police in your luggage when you enter the country) for censorship reasons, not when I cannot find it easily in any Tunisian bookshop simply because no one besides me would be interested in reading (and thus buying) it.</div> <div><br> </div> <div>Best,</div> <div>Meryem</div> <div><br> </div> <div> <div>Le 27 nov. 09 à 13:30, Parminder a écrit :</div> <br class="Apple-interchange-newline"> <blockquote type="cite"> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">Hi All<br> <br> Getting late into something which as Carlos said is an interesting discussion...<br> <br> Even if we agree to not apply the terms authoritarianism and human rights here, the underlying issue is of great importance suggesting urgent need for global Internet policy making, and developing institutions that are adequate to that purpose. The issue also suggests that existing global policy institutions do not cover a good deal of new ground that is opened up with this global phenomenon of Internet becoming an important part of more and more aspects of our social lives...<br> <br> It is fine to say that this is a consumer rights issue, and i agree with Meryem that the real issue is that there should be enough alternative software/ devices and interoperability should be ensured... But the point is, who ensures that. Economically less powerful (developing) countries do not have the muscle to regulate these unprecedentedly huge global </font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">digital </font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">companies, and so they have to simply submit. The developed countries often see strong economic interest in not disturbing the 'imperialist' designs of these companies which are almost all based in these countries and bring them a lot of economic benefits and sustaining advantage (the framework of a new wave of neo-imperialism). <br> <br> Who then regulates these giant corporates, whose power now rivals that of many states? There seem to be a clear and strong tendency, shared by much of civil society in the developed world - IGC not being immune to it - that Internet (and its digital ecosystem) should be left unregulated, mostly. At least there seems to be no urgency to do anything about global Internet policy arena. The fear of statist control on the Internet has become all that ever counts in any discussion on global Internet governance/ policy-making. (This has become almost a red-herring now.) This is problematic for developing countries, and to the collective interests of the people of these countries, (the right to development) which are in great danger of losing out as the (non-level) digital playground is being set out, without due regulation in global public interest. To get the right global governance institutions and outcomes to address this vital issue, in my opinion, is what should centrally constitute the 'development agenda in IG'. <br> <br> I would consider it very inappropriate, and very inconsiderate, to compare such real problems that developing counties increasingly face, and will face in future to an even greater extent, like the non-availability of 'basic' and enabling software like e-readers, with non-availability of Mexican food in Geneva... It is even more inappropriate to speak of people of 'certain persuasion' who in WTO arena oppose certain multinational invasion of unprotected markets in developing countries, as being a sentiment and act in opposition to raising the issues of necessary provision of basic enabling software/ devices on fair and open standard terms to people of developing countries. Our organization has joined protests on many WTO issues, but do clearly sympathize with the present issue under consideration. They proceed from very different logics, but have a convergence in the fact that (1) global economy (and society) have to regulated in global public interest , and (2) the interest of developing countries is often different from that of developed countries. Appropriate global regulatory and governance systems have to be built which take into account these differentials, without being formulaic about it. That in my understanding constitutes the development agenda in global forums. <br> <br> Many other examples of commercial digital services have been given - like paypal etc - denial of which can have a very strong exclusionary effect of people and groups... Exclusion has to be seen and addressed in its real, felt forms and not by simplistic comparisons, which smack of insensitivity. <br> <br> Think of Microsoft suddenly refusing to give Windows related services to a country (I know many would take it as a blessing, but there are strong issue there still), or Skype not being available in a country which would cut its residents off many a global tele-meetings (including civil society ones). Or, Google, especially after it has all of us doing every second online activity on its platform, cutting off its services to a country... this surely isnt about Mexican food in Geneva. <br> <br> Parminder <br> <br> </font><br> Michael Gurstein wrote: <blockquote cite="mid:EACABE31C54E4623B57A049480D22A99@userPC" type="cite"> <pre wrap="">Bien sur!
M
-----Original Message-----
From: Meryem Marzouki [<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:meryem@marzouki.info"><a href="mailto:meryem@marzouki.info">mailto:meryem@marzouki.info</a></a>]
Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 10:35 AM
To: <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a></a>
Subject: Re: Extending Rights to the Internet: (Was RE: [governance] Example
of Corporate Internet Authoritarianism -
My English skills probably need improvement:
First of all, it's not about participating in *a* debate, but
participating in *the democratic debate* (this means, at least in
French, full democratic participation).
Second, it's about the "full exercize of democracy and of one's
fundamental rights", which means full democratic participation AND
full exercize of fundamental rights". To my knowledge, education/
health/development are part of fundamental rights, aren't they? Meryem
Le 26 nov. 09 à 19:03, Michael Gurstein a écrit :
</pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">But opportunities to "participate in a debate" on something (e.g.
education/health/development) is rather narrower (and less significant
certainly) than an opportunity to actually have an
education/health/development, or have I missed something.
Mike
-----Original Message-----
From: Meryem Marzouki [<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:meryem@marzouki.info"><a href="mailto:meryem@marzouki.info">mailto:meryem@marzouki.info</a></a>]
Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 9:52 AM
To: <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a></a>
Subject: Re: Extending Rights to the Internet: (Was RE:
[governance] Example
of Corporate Internet Authoritarianism -
Hi Mike,
I thought this was covered by the "and one's fundamental rights" in
the second part of the sentence. By "full exercize of democracy" I
meant in this context participation in the democratic debate.
Le 26 nov. 09 à 18:36, Michael Gurstein a écrit :
</pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">Thanks Meryem,
I agree with your reformulation of my rather awkward initial
formulation...
My one caveat (and here I'm again demonstrating my lack of
familiarity with
the "Rights" discourse) is that the statement "access to the
Internet as a
necessary requirement for the full exercize of democracy" seems to
me rather
too narrow in that one could add/substitute
"development"/"health"/"education"/and so on for your terminology of
"democracy".
Meryem: "I would rather state it differently: access to the
Internet as a
necessary requirement for the full exercize of democracy and one's
fundamental right requires that there are accessible tools that
allow for or
facilitate the use of the Internet."
Mike
From: Meryem Marzouki [<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:meryem@marzouki.info"><a href="mailto:meryem@marzouki.info">mailto:meryem@marzouki.info</a></a>]
Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 8:54 AM
To: <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a></a>
Subject: Re: [governance] Example of Corporate Internet
Authoritarianism -
Hi all,
I agree with Carlos and Bill here. Even beyond this discussion, it's
strange how often I've seen recently people - or organizations -
speaking of consumer rights as human rights (i.e. fundamental
rights). The
fact that there exist national, regional, international
legislation giving rights to consumers (w.r.t. to goods and services
providers) does certainly not mean that this is a fundamental right!
Regarding Michael's interpretation that: "If access to the Internet
is a necessary requirement for participation in an "Information
Society" then access to the tools that allow for or facilitate the
use of the Internet especially when those tools are linked into some
sort of monopolistic position with respect to the use of the Internet
should surely fall under that rubric.", I would rather state it
differently: access to the Internet as a necessary requirement for
the full exercize of democracy and one's fundamental right requires
that there are accessible tools that allow for or facilitate the use
of the Internet". In other words, the requirement is not to access
tools provided in a monopolistic position, but that there should be
no monopolies, i.e. alternative tools should exist and be accessible,
allowing access to and production of information as well as full
participation.
Going back to Fouad's initial example: the point is not that Amazon's
Kindle software for PC is not accessible in Pakistan (though it might
be an inconvenience for some), but rather that you couldn't read a
given book unless using Amazon's Kindle software for PC. Which is not
the case, apparently, since I can read the mentioned report (<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://">http://</a>
<a href="http://report.knightcomm.org/">report.knightcomm.org/</a>) through other means, e.g. with my browser, on
a MacIntosh, connected from Paris.
Conclusion: it's a pure (and minor, I would say but this is a
personal opinion) consumer issue: someone wants to buy a product
which is not available in his/her country. See Bill's problem in
getting good Mexican food in Geneva, which those who know Bill would
qualify as a much more preoccupying problem;))
Best,
Meryem
Le 26 nov. 09 à 14:30, Carlos A. Afonso a écrit :
</pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">Wow, what a strange discussion. Let's contribute to it: how about
iTunes
or AppleTV only working in developed countries (one cannot purchase
media without having a credit card account in the USA or some other
developed country)? How about only now Sony introduces the PS2
(PS2, an
obsolete gadget) in Brazil, and has no plans to introduce the PS3?
I think the whole discussion is biased by a focus on being able to
consume (superfluous or not) stuff anywhere, whatever the big
companies
create to make us think we have to have it.
--c.a.
McTim wrote:
</pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">On Thu, Nov 26, 2009 at 11:18 AM, William Drake
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:william.drake@graduateinstitute.ch"><<a href="mailto:william.drake@graduateinstitute.ch">william.drake@graduateinstitute.ch</a>></a> wrote:
</pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">Hi Michael,
On Nov 25, 2009, at 6:50 PM, Michael Gurstein wrote:
</pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">I think that Bill's casual dismissal of this issue is not
appropriate.
</pre> </blockquote> <pre wrap="">There's a difference between disagreeing with something and being
inappropriate.
</pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">The logic here is surely the same as the overall logic of a
"Right to the
Internet" (remembering that I claim no expertise in the domain
of discussion
around "Rights"...
</pre> </blockquote> <pre wrap="">Really? "Right to the Internet" is the same as declaring any
company that doesn't sell a product in a given country to be
"authoritarian."? Sorry, but this strikes me as fuzzy logic, and
not the computer science kind.
It used to be that when a transnational firm entered a developing
country's market folks of certain persuasions would decry this as
imperialist etc. But now if a firm does not enter a market we
can also call them names normally associated with governments
that brutalize their populations to retain political power?
Maybe you should notify all the groups working against WTO
agreements etc that they have it backwards and are promoting
authoritarianism, whereas what they really should be doing is
demanding that every company everywhere be required to sell
everything everywhere else.
Fouad says Amazon is authoritarian because it "dictates who buys
or isn't allowed to buy from its website;" presumably, this would
apply to other companies and distribution channels as well.
Let's leave aside the many reasons why a company might not serve
a given market---costs, level of effective demand, distribution,
local partner requirements, regulatory/policy uncertainty/
unfavorability, the prospects of fraud (as Carlton notes), etc
etc---since I guess normal business considerations don't matter.
All that does by Fouad's standard is can I buy what I want, and
if not, they're equivalent with, say, the Burmese junta.
I can't get real Mexican food at Geneva grocery stores. I
couldn't buy a Coke at the Sharm airport, only Pepsi. I can't
watch most US TV shows over the net in Switzerland. I can't see
most non-Hollywood US films, e.g. indies, at Geneva movie
theaters. But I want these things. So am I a victim of
authoritarianism?
I'm sorry to hear that Kindle for PC is not currently available
in Pakistan. Perhaps it would make sense to actually find out
why this is so and see if anything can be done to encourage
change? Might be more productive than misplaced sloganeering.
</pre> </blockquote> <pre wrap="">+1
I knew if I waited long enough, someone would spend the time to
say this!
BTW, Fouad, can you not use a proxy service?
</pre> </blockquote> <pre wrap="">--
Carlos A. Afonso
<a href="http://CGI.br">CGI.br</a> (<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.cgi.br"><a href="http://www.cgi.br">www.cgi.br</a></a>)
Nupef (<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.nupef.org.br"><a href="http://www.nupef.org.br">www.nupef.org.br</a></a>)
====================================
new/nuevo/novo e-mail: <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:ca@cafonso.ca"><a href="mailto:ca@cafonso.ca">ca@cafonso.ca</a></a>
====================================
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</pre> </blockquote> <div style="margin: 0px;">____________________________________________________________</div> <div style="margin: 0px;">You received this message as a subscriber on the list:</div> <div style="margin: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a></a></div> <div style="margin: 0px;">To be removed from the list, send any message to:</div> <div style="margin: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org">governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org</a></a></div> <div style="margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br> </div> <div style="margin: 0px;">For all list information and functions, see:</div> <div style="margin: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance"><a href="http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance">http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</a></a></div> </blockquote> </div> <br> </blockquote><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">____________________________________________________________</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">You received this message as a subscriber on the list:</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a></a></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">To be removed from the list, send any message to:</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org">governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org</a></a></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">For all list information and functions, see:</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance"><a href="http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance">http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</a></a></div> </blockquote></div><br></div></div></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><div><span>____________________________________________________________</span><br><span>You received this message as a subscriber on the list:</span><br><span> <a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a></a></span><br><span>To be removed from the list, send any message to:</span><br><span> <a href="mailto:governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org"><a href="mailto:governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org">governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org</a></a></span><br><span></span><br><span>For all list information and functions, see:</span><br><span> <a href="http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance"><a href="http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance">http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</a></a></span><br></div></blockquote></body></html>