<HEAD>
<STYLE>body{font-family: Geneva,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:9pt;background-color: #ffffff;color: black;}p{margin:0px}</STYLE>
<META content="MSHTML 6.00.6000.16825" name=GENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY id=compText>
<P>Milton and all,</P>
<P> </P>
<P> In the common lexicon ICANN is not an institution, but it seeks to be one of sorts. That sort</P>
<P>is more directed it would seem in the direction of a guild. <BR><BR><BR></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid">-----Original Message----- <BR>From: Milton L Mueller <MUELLER@SYR.EDU><BR>Sent: Sep 20, 2009 4:25 PM <BR>To: "governance@lists.cpsr.org" <GOVERNANCE@LISTS.CPSR.ORG>, Meryem Marzouki <MERYEM@MARZOUKI.INFO><BR>Subject: [governance] is icann an institution? <BR><BR><ZZZHTML xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40" xmlns:st1="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"><ZZZHEAD><ZZZMETA content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type"><ZZZMETA content="Microsoft Word 11 (filtered medium)" name="Generator"><ZZZ!--[IF !mso]>
<STYLE>
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</STYLE>
<ZZZ![ENDIF]--><?xml:namespace prefix = o /><o:SmartTagType name="place" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:SmartTagType><o:SmartTagType name="City" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:SmartTagType><o:SmartTagType name="country-region" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:SmartTagType><ZZZ!--[IF !mso]>
<STYLE>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#default#ieooui) }
</STYLE>
<ZZZ![ENDIF]-->
<STYLE>
<ZZZ!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Tahoma;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";}
a:ZZZlink, span.MsoHyperlink
{color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
span.EmailStyle18
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:Arial;
color:navy;}
@page Section1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in;}
div.Section1
{page:Section1;}
-->
</STYLE>
</ZZZHEAD><ZZZBODY lang=EN-US style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space" vlink="blue" link="blue">
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I think Bertrand’s questions are good ones.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I really don’t understand your concept of an institution; and since economic institutionalism is my paradigm that’s a problem. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Institutions can be social or anti-social – a large part of the institutional economics literature, and what made it more interesting than its neoclassical predecessors was the recognition that things like parasitism, exploitation and zero-sum or negative sum games can be and are often institutionalized, via path-dependent processes. One should not confuse a normative appraisal of ICANN with its status as an Institution. Institution is a value-neutral term in my lexicon. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">ICANN does have a social purpose: it is the institution that resolves conflicts over property rights and coordination of the Internet’s naming system. (See Ruling the Root, 2002) It is the arena through which stakeholders with power over various functions in the Internet addressing system come to terms. That’s how institutions emerge – via conflict. Governments are now buying into it, via the GAC, which gives them a dangerous extra-constitutional, extra legal power to make policy. GAC is becoming institutionalized, partly through sheer inertia, partly because certain interests like or benefit from the model. Therefore ICANN is an institution; a pretty friggin messy and loose one, still, but it performs an ordering function and it defines and assigns property rights. If you’ve read the miserable IRT report, you see that it’s still a growing one: it is superseding trademark law with ICANN-defined rules taken to amazing new extremes, the integration of domain name registration into a reservation and matching system of globally protected marks. A rapid suspension service. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">And again, back to Bertrand, ok, if you and Parminder don’t think we should work through ICANN give us viable strategies and scenarios for getting _<I><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: italic">liberal</SPAN></I>_ and democratic freedoms in to global governance of the Internet some other way. I’m all ears. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">--MM<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: blue 1.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">
<HR tabIndex=-1 align=center width="100%" SIZE=2>
</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">From:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"> Meryem Marzouki [mailto:meryem@marzouki.info] <BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></B> Sunday, September 20, 2009 1:09 PM<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></B> governance@lists.cpsr.org<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></B> Re: [governance] Letter to Rod Beckstrom</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Bertrand, you intervention in this discussion might also help in case there is a difference in the concept of "institution" in French and in English..<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">My point is not with the global or not global nature of ICANN. It is rather with qualifying it or not as an "institution". <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">I already acknowledged that it makes global decision, impacting the whole world: not sure it makes it truly global, but sort of. I also acknowledge that, say, a really big multinational firm (whatever its sector of activity: finance, security/military, industry, service..) could be a global entity, in the same sense.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">But an institution, at least in my understanding, has something to do with social order. For better or for worse (an institution is not necessarily democratic), but its purpose is social (like in society, not necessarily like in social justice).<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">I don't think ICANN has any social purpose. Not that it doesn't deal with issues having highly social implications -- it does, but the point is that it has NOT been designed as such. And, to be honest, I don't think there is any reasonable hope to modify it so that its start looking like an institution.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Hope this starts answering your questions, and that this might explain why I think CS (nor governments, BTW) shouldn't *participate* in its processes since, yes, they legitimize it this way, and they make it somewhat look like an institution, when it is not, and wont become, in my opinion.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Best,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Meryem<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Le 20 sept. 09 à 18:34, Bertrand de La Chapelle a écrit :<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><BR><BR><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Dear Meryem,<BR><BR>Looking at your interesting exchange with <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 /><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Milton</st1:place></st1:City> regarding the "global" or non global nature of ICANN, I'd like to ask two complementary questions : <BR>- what would be required in your view to make ICANN truly global ? what kind of modification ?<BR>- and can such an outcome be obtained without participating in ICANN's processes, (which brings the risk of legitimizing it, if I understand you well) ?<BR><BR>These questions are not jokes. I think you both touch upon very difficult issues that a lot of people are grappling with. I sincerely am interested in practical suggestions. The issue of ICANN's accountability to all stakeholders will be high on the agenda in the post-JPA framework. <BR><BR>Best<BR><BR>Bertrand<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 6pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 4.8pt; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1pt solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 6pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 4.8pt; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1pt solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 6pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 4.8pt; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1pt solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">The whole point with ICANN in this discussion is that it is NOT a<BR>"global institution".<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><BR>Not sure what you mean here. If its effects are global and it is institutionalized it is, in my definition, a global institution. And ICANN more or less meets both criteria. I am sure you understand that no global polity will spring perfectly into being.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Sure. But my definition is different from yours. I think ICANN is an organization, led and driven by private companies and interests (including multi-nationals), still having to be somewhat accountable to the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region> gov, but willing to get rid of this. Well, this is quickly written and misses many details and subtleties, but that's to explain why, in my opinion, it doesn't fit any acceptable definition of a global institution. I think your definition is too inclusive here.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 6pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 4.8pt; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1pt solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 6pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 4.8pt; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1pt solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">rules. Because if you enter it, you back it, whatever the genuineness<BR>of your intentions and efforts.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><BR>Yes, one does have to make choices. If it's a choice between the DNS and IP addresses being taken over by states/IGOs or some modification and evolution of the ICANN/RIR regime I've made my choice.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">You fall into this again. I've thought we've gone beyond the ICANN vs. ITU debate?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><BR><BR><BR><BR>____________________________________________________________<BR>You received this message as a subscriber on the list:<BR> <A href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org" target=_blank>governance@lists.cpsr.org</A><BR>To be removed from the list, send any message to:<BR> <A href="mailto:governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org" target=_blank>governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org</A><BR><BR>For all list information and functions, see:<BR> <A href="http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance" target=_blank>http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</A><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><BR><BR clear=all><BR>-- <BR>____________________<BR>Bertrand de La Chapelle<BR>Délégué Spécial pour la Société de l'Information / Special Envoy for the Information Society<BR>Ministère des Affaires Etrangères et Européennes/ French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs<BR>Tel : +33 (0)6 11 88 33 32<BR><BR>"Le plus beau métier des hommes, c'est d'unir les hommes" Antoine de Saint Exupéry<BR>("there is no greater mission for humans than uniting humans")<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">____________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">You received this message as a subscriber on the list:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN class=apple-converted-space><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><A href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</A><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">To be removed from the list, send any message to:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN class=apple-converted-space><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><A href="mailto:governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org">governance-unsubscribe@lists.cpsr.org</A><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV style="MIN-HEIGHT: 14px">
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">For all list information and functions, see:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN class=apple-converted-space><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><A href="http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance">http://lists.cpsr.org/lists/info/governance</A><o:p></o:p></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p>Regards,<BR><BR>Jeffrey A. Williams<BR>Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 294k members/stakeholders strong!)<BR>"Obedience of the law is the greatest freedom" -<BR> Abraham Lincoln<BR><BR>"Credit should go with the performance of duty and not with what is very<BR>often the accident of glory" - Theodore Roosevelt<BR><BR>"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B; liability<BR>depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by<BR>P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."<BR>United States v. Carroll Towing (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]<BR>===============================================================<BR>Updated 1/26/04<BR>CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security IDNS. div. of<BR>Information Network Eng. INEG. INC.<BR>ABA member in good standing member ID 01257402 E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com<BR>Phone: 214-244-4827<BR></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></ZZZBODY></ZZZHTML></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY>