Dear all,<br><br>Sorry to intervene again in a discussion between two distinguished germans :-)<br><br>Just a few additional elements, following my previous post :<br><br>1) Michael wrote : <br>"Another aspect that worries me is the lack of distinction between the
question of "should a specific Geo-TLD be introduced" and the somewhat
different question of "who should operate a specific Geo-TLD".<br><br>This is precisely the reason for the distinction introduced in the GAC's gTLD principles between the three dimensions :<br>- Introduction : whether a given string should be introduced at all
<br>- Delegation : who should have the responsibility of managing the registry<br>- Operation : day to day rules of management and relations with the registrars and registrants<br><br>The three questions are not completely separate but still have to be addressed each on its own merits.
<br><br>2) The various hypothetical but illustrative cases that Wolfgang is giving show the obvious complexity of the introduction of Geo TLDs and cultural TLDs - not to mention any other type of string. <br><br>In addition, the criteria for those strings will be different from those that should be applicable to other types. The .xxx "telenovela" with its many episodes was enough to dissipate the illusion of a of a possible single "sponsored TLD" category.
<br><br>This demonstrates that TLDs cannot be treated with the same freedom as (second-level) domain names, just allowing any submission on a first come-first serve basis. In fact, significatively, they have never been treated as such. And there is no political consensus in favor of such an unrestricted rule - even if defending that position is perfectly legitimate, respectable and even useful.
<br><br>3) The administrative burden is potentially enormous for ICANN staff and Board if each application is evaluated independently. Some sort of evolutive guidelines or clear methodology is necessary. <br><br>By the way, as the unrestricted introduction of TLDs is unlikely to take place, those who desire a broad range of new TLDs should precisely be the ones most in favor of some common rules that could streamline the process.
<br><br>4) Definition of the "relevant governments or public authorities", nature of the candidate registry (non-profit or not), level of support in the community, potential opposition from other communities ..... These are only some of the questions to address. The least one can say it that it amounts to a multi-dimensional criteria choice where, as mathematics teach us, it is difficult to find optimal solutions.
<br><br>This will ultimately be a question of balance of interests and of transparency in the decision-making. And of establishing "shared principles, norms, rules and decision-making procedures" if this expression rings a bell for former WSIS participants ...
<br><br>This is why the GAC Principles for new gTLDs say in the last paragraph :<br>"The evaluation procedures and criteria for introduction, delegation and operation of new TLDs should be developed and implemented with the participation of all stakeholders."
<br><br>5) As a consequence, now that the GAC has issued its Principles for gTLDs, as soon as the gNSO achieves its own preliminary work, time will be ripe for a collective and <span style="font-weight: bold;">truly multi-stakeholer
</span> effort to identify those "evaluation procedures and criteria".<br><br>An open session during a future ICANN meeting could be the prelude to an open working group on that important issue. <br><br>But most of all, given the present disparity of visions on how to move forward on new gTLDs as well as the tensions and bitterness produced by the .xxx process, such a collective effort is, I believe,
<span style="font-weight: bold;">an absolute prerequisite</span> before any call for the introduction of new gTLDs is drafted by the ICANN staff. <br><br>Best<br><br>Bertrand<br><br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 4/18/07,
<b class="gmail_sendername">Kleinwächter, Wolfgang</b> <<a href="mailto:wolfgang.kleinwaechter@medienkomm.uni-halle.de">wolfgang.kleinwaechter@medienkomm.uni-halle.de</a>> wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Best regards to Las Vegas!<br><br>There is no conflict in my statements. My position is rather clear. I say yes to new TLDs, including GEO-TLDs (cities, regions, lakes, mountains etc.). I recognize Bertrands intervention that cities are probably a special case (like regions which are politically or culturally defined like Saxony, the Basque Country, Texas or Tibet). In such a case both the GAC ccTLD principles and the GAC gTLD principles offer a procedure. I would reject a concrete proposal where the affected local Internet community has fundamental reservations or concerns. Ig a citizen of Nigeria establish a company in Brazil and applies for .ossetia I had some problems. The applicant for a city or region TLD has to demonstrate the support of the LIC. But the LIC is more than the local authority. If the Lord Mayor of London is against .london but the local Internet community of London wants to have it, they have to come together to figure it out. In the case of .london, I would not support that a company based in Tuvalu would run the .london registry against the will of the public authority and the LIC of London. But if the London public authority accepts that a .london registry is run by a private corporation (according to UK law) this is fine to me. There is no need that ICANN has to look into the details of the local regulation. What ICANN needs is a clear statement, that the Local Community has no concerns and wants to have it. If the LIC is divided, more discussion is needed. But a simple NO by the Lord Mayor is no argument against the project. You have to ask the user and potential registrants whether they want to have it or not. Catalans wanted to have . cat. Asians wanted to have .asia. If Londoners (or Leipzigers) want to have .london or .leipzig, they should get it.
<br><br>Best regards<br><br>wolfgang<br><br><br><br>________________________________<br><br>Von: Michael Leibrandt [mailto:<a href="mailto:michael_leibrandt@web.de">michael_leibrandt@web.de</a>]<br>Gesendet: Mi 18.04.2007
03:55<br>An: <a href="mailto:LMcKnigh@syr.edu">LMcKnigh@syr.edu</a>; <a href="mailto:Mueller@syr.edu">Mueller@syr.edu</a>; <a href="mailto:expression@ipjustice.org">expression@ipjustice.org</a>; <a href="mailto:goldstein.david@yahoo.com.au">
goldstein.david@yahoo.com.au</a>; <a href="mailto:governance@lists.cpsr.org">governance@lists.cpsr.org</a>; Kleinwächter, Wolfgang<br>Betreff: Re: [governance] ICANN Board Vote Signals Era of Censorship in Domain Names<br>
<br><br><br>Wolfgang,<br><br>I guess it's not by accident that your language regarding the introduction of Geo-TLD differs significantly from the already adopted GAC gTLD principles. You suggest that a Geo-TLD should be introduced if the relevant public authority does not have "serious" problems with the specific proposal. But than you're back to the question: Who is going to decide if the objections coming from the relevant public authority are "serious" enough to stop the introduction of the TLD. Should a California based organization do this assessment? Or those parts of the local Internet community that want to cash in with the proposed business model? Or a local multistakeholder forum? What if there is no consensus in such a forum?
<br><br>Another aspect that worries me is the lack of distinction between the question of "should a specific Geo-TLD be introduced" and the somewhat different question of "who should operate a specific Geo-TLD". I could imagine a situation where a local community would like to see a Geo-TLD, but actually does not trust the one and only organisation that is applying for running that TLD. For example: Think of a scenario where a private company that intends to apply for a Geo-TLD related to your hometown starts offering domain names under that TLD for five digit USD prices long before even the application process of ICANN has started, not giving investors the full picture of the application process and its risk. Honestly, would you trust such a company and would you like to see it running that particulare Geo-TLD, even if you're generally in favour of introducing the new name space?
<br><br>Michael, Las Vegas<br>_______________________________________________________________<br>SMS schreiben mit <a href="http://WEB.DE">WEB.DE</a> FreeMail - einfach, schnell und<br>kostenguenstig. Jetzt gleich testen!
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