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<DIV>no idea why Mawaki. Perhaps others know...</DIV>
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<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=kichango@gmail.com
href="mailto:kichango@gmail.com">Mawaki Chango</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, April 17, 2014 7:17 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=ian.peter@ianpeter.com
href="mailto:ian.peter@ianpeter.com">Ian Peter</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Cc:</B> <A title=anriette@apc.org
href="mailto:anriette@apc.org">Anriette Esterhuysen</A> ; <A
title=jeanette@wzb.eu href="mailto:jeanette@wzb.eu">Jeanette Hofmann</A> ; <A
title=bestbits@lists.bestbits.net
href="mailto:bestbits@lists.bestbits.net">mailto:bestbits@lists.bestbits.net</A>
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<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: [bestbits] Surveillance paragraph of netmundial
document</DIV></DIV></DIV>
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<DIV dir=ltr>Hi Ian,
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<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Thu, Apr 17, 2014 at 9:04 AM, Ian Peter <SPAN
dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:ian.peter@ianpeter.com"
target=_blank>ian.peter@ianpeter.com</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
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<DIV>IN respect of this, just reposting something Patrik Falstrom posted
in another place, suggesting that nations who have signed Human Rights Treaty
cannot sign in to necessary and proportionate?
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<DIV>Did he explain why, in short? Thanks. Mawaki</DIV>
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<DIV>Anyway they can accept the principles, so I guess this is just maybe
about how we word interventions. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Ian Peter</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>QUOTE FROM PATRIK</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Although I can understand the interest for more detailed language, and
support us trying to get that, it is already known that States that have
signed up to the Human Rights Treaty can not sign up to the </DIV>
<DIV><A href="http://necessaryandproportionate.org"
target=_blank>necessaryandproportionate.org</A> principles, so such
negotiations will fail. A counter proposal has been released by the Swedish
Foreign Minister Carl Bildt that reads:</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><<A href="http://www.regeringen.se/sb/d/17280/a/226590"
target=_blank>http://www.regeringen.se/sb/d/17280/a/226590</A>></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>To this objective, let me propose seven principles I believe should be
observed.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>1. First, legality.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Surveillance needs to be based on laws.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>These laws must be adopted in a transparent manner through a democratic
process.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>The implementation of these laws should be reviewed periodically to
ensure that the expansion of surveillance capabilities due to, for instance,
technological advances is properly debated.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>2. Second, legitimate aim.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Surveillance must be conducted on the basis of a legitimate and
well-defined aim.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Surveillance measures may never be carried out in a discriminatory or
discretionary manner and only by specified state authorities.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>3. Third, necessity and adequacy.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>The law should justify that surveillance is necessary and adequate to
achieve the legitimate aim.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>4. Fourth, proportionality.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>A sound proportionality judgment must be made, to carefully assess
whether the benefits of surveillance outweigh its negative consequences.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>5. Fifth, judicial authority.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Decisions on the use of communications surveillance should be taken by a
competent authority.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>As a general rule, an independent court should take such decisions.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>6. Sixth, transparency.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>States should be as transparent as possible about how they carry out
surveillance.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>They should provide information on how the surveillance legislation works
in practice.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>7. Seventh, public oversight of parliamentary or other credible
institutions.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>We need to scrutinise how the laws work, to create transparency and build
trust and legitimacy.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Our obligation as governments is to provide security and to respect human
rights - not either or.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> Patrik</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>END QUOTE</DIV>
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